Chapter 66. Database Physical Storage Table of Contents 66.1. Database File Layout 66.2. TOAST 66.2.1. Out-of-Line, On-Disk TOAST Storage 66.2.2. Out-of-Line, In-Memory TOAST Storage 66.3. Free Space Map 66.4. Visibility Map 66.5. The Initialization Fork 66.6. Database Page Layout 66.6.1. Table Row Layout 66.7. Heap-Only Tuples (HOT) This chapter provides an overview of the physical storage format used by PostgreSQL databases.