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2 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>29.9. Architecture</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="logical-replication-restrictions.html" title="29.8. Restrictions" /><link rel="next" href="logical-replication-monitoring.html" title="29.10. Monitoring" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">29.9. Architecture</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="logical-replication-restrictions.html" title="29.8. Restrictions">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="logical-replication.html" title="Chapter 29. Logical Replication">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 29. Logical Replication</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 18.0 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="logical-replication-monitoring.html" title="29.10. Monitoring">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="sect1" id="LOGICAL-REPLICATION-ARCHITECTURE"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">29.9. Architecture <a href="#LOGICAL-REPLICATION-ARCHITECTURE" class="id_link">#</a></h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="logical-replication-architecture.html#LOGICAL-REPLICATION-SNAPSHOT">29.9.1. Initial Snapshot</a></span></dt></dl></div><p>
3 Logical replication is built with an architecture similar to physical
4 streaming replication (see <a class="xref" href="warm-standby.html#STREAMING-REPLICATION" title="26.2.5. Streaming Replication">Section 26.2.5</a>). It is
5 implemented by <code class="literal">walsender</code> and <code class="literal">apply</code>
6 processes. The walsender process starts logical decoding (described
7 in <a class="xref" href="logicaldecoding.html" title="Chapter 47. Logical Decoding">Chapter 47</a>) of the WAL and loads the standard
8 logical decoding output plugin (<code class="literal">pgoutput</code>). The plugin
9 transforms the changes read
10 from WAL to the logical replication protocol
11 (see <a class="xref" href="protocol-logical-replication.html" title="54.5. Logical Streaming Replication Protocol">Section 54.5</a>) and filters the data
12 according to the publication specification. The data is then continuously
13 transferred using the streaming replication protocol to the apply worker,
14 which maps the data to local tables and applies the individual changes as
15 they are received, in correct transactional order.
17 The apply process on the subscriber database always runs with
18 <a class="link" href="runtime-config-client.html#GUC-SESSION-REPLICATION-ROLE"><code class="varname">session_replication_role</code></a>
19 set to <code class="literal">replica</code>. This means that, by default,
20 triggers and rules will not fire on a subscriber. Users can optionally choose to
21 enable triggers and rules on a table using the
22 <a class="link" href="sql-altertable.html" title="ALTER TABLE"><code class="command">ALTER TABLE</code></a> command
23 and the <code class="literal">ENABLE TRIGGER</code> and <code class="literal">ENABLE RULE</code>
26 The logical replication apply process currently only fires row triggers,
27 not statement triggers. The initial table synchronization, however, is
28 implemented like a <code class="command">COPY</code> command and thus fires both row
29 and statement triggers for <code class="command">INSERT</code>.
30 </p><div class="sect2" id="LOGICAL-REPLICATION-SNAPSHOT"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">29.9.1. Initial Snapshot <a href="#LOGICAL-REPLICATION-SNAPSHOT" class="id_link">#</a></h3></div></div></div><p>
31 The initial data in existing subscribed tables are snapshotted and
32 copied in parallel instances of a special kind of apply process.
33 These special apply processes are dedicated table synchronization
34 workers, spawned for each table to be synchronized. Each table
35 synchronization process will create its own replication slot and
36 copy the existing data. As soon as the copy is finished the table
37 contents will become visible to other backends. Once existing data
38 is copied, the worker enters synchronization mode, which ensures
39 that the table is brought up to a synchronized state with the main
40 apply process by streaming any changes that happened during the
41 initial data copy using standard logical replication. During this
42 synchronization phase, the changes are applied and committed in the same
43 order as they happened on the publisher. Once synchronization is done,
44 control of the replication of the table is given back to the main apply
45 process where replication continues as normal.
46 </p><div class="note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
48 <a class="link" href="sql-createpublication.html#SQL-CREATEPUBLICATION-PARAMS-WITH-PUBLISH"><code class="literal">publish</code></a>
49 parameter only affects what DML operations will be replicated. The
50 initial data synchronization does not take this parameter into account
51 when copying the existing table data.
52 </p></div><div class="note"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
53 If a table synchronization worker fails during copy, the apply worker
54 detects the failure and respawns the table synchronization worker to
55 continue the synchronization process. This behaviour ensures that
56 transient errors do not permanently disrupt the replication setup. See
57 also <a class="link" href="runtime-config-replication.html#GUC-WAL-RETRIEVE-RETRY-INTERVAL"><code class="varname">wal_retrieve_retry_interval</code></a>.
58 </p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="logical-replication-restrictions.html" title="29.8. Restrictions">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="logical-replication.html" title="Chapter 29. Logical Replication">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="logical-replication-monitoring.html" title="29.10. Monitoring">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">29.8. Restrictions </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 18.0 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> 29.10. Monitoring</td></tr></table></div></body></html>