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2 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>REVOKE</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="sql-reset.html" title="RESET" /><link rel="next" href="sql-rollback.html" title="ROLLBACK" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center">REVOKE</th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sql-reset.html" title="RESET">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="sql-commands.html" title="SQL Commands">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">SQL Commands</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 18.0 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sql-rollback.html" title="ROLLBACK">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="refentry" id="SQL-REVOKE"><div class="titlepage"></div><a id="id-1.9.3.166.1" class="indexterm"></a><div class="refnamediv"><h2><span class="refentrytitle">REVOKE</span></h2><p>REVOKE — remove access privileges</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><pre class="synopsis">
3 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
4 { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | DELETE | TRUNCATE | REFERENCES | TRIGGER | MAINTAIN }
5 [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
6 ON { [ TABLE ] <em class="replaceable"><code>table_name</code></em> [, ...]
7 | ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>schema_name</code></em> [, ...] }
8 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
9 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
10 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
12 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
13 { { SELECT | INSERT | UPDATE | REFERENCES } ( <em class="replaceable"><code>column_name</code></em> [, ...] )
14 [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] ( <em class="replaceable"><code>column_name</code></em> [, ...] ) }
15 ON [ TABLE ] <em class="replaceable"><code>table_name</code></em> [, ...]
16 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
17 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
18 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
20 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
21 { { USAGE | SELECT | UPDATE }
22 [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
23 ON { SEQUENCE <em class="replaceable"><code>sequence_name</code></em> [, ...]
24 | ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>schema_name</code></em> [, ...] }
25 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
26 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
27 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
29 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
30 { { CREATE | CONNECT | TEMPORARY | TEMP } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
31 ON DATABASE <em class="replaceable"><code>database_name</code></em> [, ...]
32 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
33 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
34 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
36 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
37 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
38 ON DOMAIN <em class="replaceable"><code>domain_name</code></em> [, ...]
39 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
40 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
41 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
43 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
44 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
45 ON FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER <em class="replaceable"><code>fdw_name</code></em> [, ...]
46 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
47 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
48 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
50 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
51 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
52 ON FOREIGN SERVER <em class="replaceable"><code>server_name</code></em> [, ...]
53 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
54 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
55 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
57 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
58 { EXECUTE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
59 ON { { FUNCTION | PROCEDURE | ROUTINE } <em class="replaceable"><code>function_name</code></em> [ ( [ [ <em class="replaceable"><code>argmode</code></em> ] [ <em class="replaceable"><code>arg_name</code></em> ] <em class="replaceable"><code>arg_type</code></em> [, ...] ] ) ] [, ...]
60 | ALL { FUNCTIONS | PROCEDURES | ROUTINES } IN SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>schema_name</code></em> [, ...] }
61 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
62 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
63 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
65 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
66 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
67 ON LANGUAGE <em class="replaceable"><code>lang_name</code></em> [, ...]
68 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
69 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
70 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
72 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
73 { { SELECT | UPDATE } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
74 ON LARGE OBJECT <em class="replaceable"><code>loid</code></em> [, ...]
75 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
76 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
77 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
79 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
80 { { SET | ALTER SYSTEM } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
81 ON PARAMETER <em class="replaceable"><code>configuration_parameter</code></em> [, ...]
82 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
83 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
84 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
86 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
87 { { CREATE | USAGE } [, ...] | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
88 ON SCHEMA <em class="replaceable"><code>schema_name</code></em> [, ...]
89 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
90 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
91 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
93 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
94 { CREATE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
95 ON TABLESPACE <em class="replaceable"><code>tablespace_name</code></em> [, ...]
96 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
97 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
98 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
100 REVOKE [ GRANT OPTION FOR ]
101 { USAGE | ALL [ PRIVILEGES ] }
102 ON TYPE <em class="replaceable"><code>type_name</code></em> [, ...]
103 FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
104 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
105 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
107 REVOKE [ { ADMIN | INHERIT | SET } OPTION FOR ]
108 <em class="replaceable"><code>role_name</code></em> [, ...] FROM <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> [, ...]
109 [ GRANTED BY <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> ]
110 [ CASCADE | RESTRICT ]
112 <span class="phrase">where <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em> can be:</span>
114 [ GROUP ] <em class="replaceable"><code>role_name</code></em>
119 </pre></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-REVOKE-DESCRIPTION"><h2>Description</h2><p>
120 The <code class="command">REVOKE</code> command revokes previously granted
121 privileges from one or more roles. The key word
122 <code class="literal">PUBLIC</code> refers to the implicitly defined group of
125 See the description of the <a class="link" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><code class="command">GRANT</code></a> command for
126 the meaning of the privilege types.
128 Note that any particular role will have the sum
129 of privileges granted directly to it, privileges granted to any role it
130 is presently a member of, and privileges granted to
131 <code class="literal">PUBLIC</code>. Thus, for example, revoking <code class="literal">SELECT</code> privilege
132 from <code class="literal">PUBLIC</code> does not necessarily mean that all roles
133 have lost <code class="literal">SELECT</code> privilege on the object: those who have it granted
134 directly or via another role will still have it. Similarly, revoking
135 <code class="literal">SELECT</code> from a user might not prevent that user from using
136 <code class="literal">SELECT</code> if <code class="literal">PUBLIC</code> or another membership
137 role still has <code class="literal">SELECT</code> rights.
139 If <code class="literal">GRANT OPTION FOR</code> is specified, only the grant
140 option for the privilege is revoked, not the privilege itself.
141 Otherwise, both the privilege and the grant option are revoked.
143 If a user holds a privilege with grant option and has granted it to
144 other users then the privileges held by those other users are
145 called dependent privileges. If the privilege or the grant option
146 held by the first user is being revoked and dependent privileges
147 exist, those dependent privileges are also revoked if
148 <code class="literal">CASCADE</code> is specified; if it is not, the revoke action
149 will fail. This recursive revocation only affects privileges that
150 were granted through a chain of users that is traceable to the user
151 that is the subject of this <code class="literal">REVOKE</code> command.
152 Thus, the affected users might effectively keep the privilege if it
153 was also granted through other users.
155 When revoking privileges on a table, the corresponding column privileges
156 (if any) are automatically revoked on each column of the table, as well.
157 On the other hand, if a role has been granted privileges on a table, then
158 revoking the same privileges from individual columns will have no effect.
160 When revoking membership in a role, <code class="literal">GRANT OPTION</code> is instead
161 called <code class="literal">ADMIN OPTION</code>, but the behavior is similar.
162 Note that, in releases prior to <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span> 16,
163 dependent privileges were not tracked for grants of role membership,
164 and thus <code class="literal">CASCADE</code> had no effect for role membership.
165 This is no longer the case.
166 Note also that this form of the command does not
167 allow the noise word <code class="literal">GROUP</code>
168 in <em class="replaceable"><code>role_specification</code></em>.
170 Just as <code class="literal">ADMIN OPTION</code> can be removed from an existing
171 role grant, it is also possible to revoke <code class="literal">INHERIT OPTION</code>
172 or <code class="literal">SET OPTION</code>. This is equivalent to setting the value
173 of the corresponding option to <code class="literal">FALSE</code>.
174 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-REVOKE-NOTES"><h2>Notes</h2><p>
175 A user can only revoke privileges that were granted directly by
176 that user. If, for example, user A has granted a privilege with
177 grant option to user B, and user B has in turn granted it to user
178 C, then user A cannot revoke the privilege directly from C.
179 Instead, user A could revoke the grant option from user B and use
180 the <code class="literal">CASCADE</code> option so that the privilege is
181 in turn revoked from user C. For another example, if both A and B
182 have granted the same privilege to C, A can revoke their own grant
183 but not B's grant, so C will still effectively have the privilege.
185 When a non-owner of an object attempts to <code class="command">REVOKE</code> privileges
186 on the object, the command will fail outright if the user has no
187 privileges whatsoever on the object. As long as some privilege is
188 available, the command will proceed, but it will revoke only those
189 privileges for which the user has grant options. The <code class="command">REVOKE ALL
190 PRIVILEGES</code> forms will issue a warning message if no grant options are
191 held, while the other forms will issue a warning if grant options for
192 any of the privileges specifically named in the command are not held.
193 (In principle these statements apply to the object owner as well, but
194 since the owner is always treated as holding all grant options, the
195 cases can never occur.)
197 If a superuser chooses to issue a <code class="command">GRANT</code> or <code class="command">REVOKE</code>
198 command, the command is performed as though it were issued by the
199 owner of the affected object. (Since roles do not have owners, in the
200 case of a <code class="command">GRANT</code> of role membership, the command is
201 performed as though it were issued by the bootstrap superuser.)
202 Since all privileges ultimately come
203 from the object owner (possibly indirectly via chains of grant options),
204 it is possible for a superuser to revoke all privileges, but this might
205 require use of <code class="literal">CASCADE</code> as stated above.
207 <code class="command">REVOKE</code> can also be done by a role
208 that is not the owner of the affected object, but is a member of the role
209 that owns the object, or is a member of a role that holds privileges
210 <code class="literal">WITH GRANT OPTION</code> on the object. In this case the
211 command is performed as though it were issued by the containing role that
212 actually owns the object or holds the privileges
213 <code class="literal">WITH GRANT OPTION</code>. For example, if table
214 <code class="literal">t1</code> is owned by role <code class="literal">g1</code>, of which role
215 <code class="literal">u1</code> is a member, then <code class="literal">u1</code> can revoke privileges
216 on <code class="literal">t1</code> that are recorded as being granted by <code class="literal">g1</code>.
217 This would include grants made by <code class="literal">u1</code> as well as by other
218 members of role <code class="literal">g1</code>.
220 If the role executing <code class="command">REVOKE</code> holds privileges
221 indirectly via more than one role membership path, it is unspecified
222 which containing role will be used to perform the command. In such cases
223 it is best practice to use <code class="command">SET ROLE</code> to become the specific
224 role you want to do the <code class="command">REVOKE</code> as. Failure to do so might
225 lead to revoking privileges other than the ones you intended, or not
226 revoking anything at all.
228 See <a class="xref" href="ddl-priv.html" title="5.8. Privileges">Section 5.8</a> for more information about specific
229 privilege types, as well as how to inspect objects' privileges.
230 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-REVOKE-EXAMPLES"><h2>Examples</h2><p>
231 Revoke insert privilege for the public on table
232 <code class="literal">films</code>:
234 </p><pre class="programlisting">
235 REVOKE INSERT ON films FROM PUBLIC;
238 Revoke all privileges from user <code class="literal">manuel</code> on view
239 <code class="literal">kinds</code>:
241 </p><pre class="programlisting">
242 REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES ON kinds FROM manuel;
245 Note that this actually means <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">revoke all privileges that I
246 granted</span>”</span>.
248 Revoke membership in role <code class="literal">admins</code> from user <code class="literal">joe</code>:
250 </p><pre class="programlisting">
251 REVOKE admins FROM joe;
252 </pre></div><div class="refsect1" id="SQL-REVOKE-COMPATIBILITY"><h2>Compatibility</h2><p>
253 The compatibility notes of the <a class="link" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><code class="command">GRANT</code></a> command
254 apply analogously to <code class="command">REVOKE</code>.
255 The keyword <code class="literal">RESTRICT</code> or <code class="literal">CASCADE</code>
256 is required according to the standard, but <span class="productname">PostgreSQL</span>
257 assumes <code class="literal">RESTRICT</code> by default.
258 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.3.166.9"><h2>See Also</h2><span class="simplelist"><a class="xref" href="sql-grant.html" title="GRANT"><span class="refentrytitle">GRANT</span></a>, <a class="xref" href="sql-alterdefaultprivileges.html" title="ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES"><span class="refentrytitle">ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES</span></a></span></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="sql-reset.html" title="RESET">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="sql-commands.html" title="SQL Commands">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="sql-rollback.html" title="ROLLBACK">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">RESET </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 18.0 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> ROLLBACK</td></tr></table></div></body></html>