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2 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>pg_walsummary</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheet.css" /><link rev="made" href="pgsql-docs@lists.postgresql.org" /><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot" /><link rel="prev" href="pgwaldump.html" title="pg_waldump" /><link rel="next" href="app-postgres.html" title="postgres" /></head><body id="docContent" class="container-fluid col-10"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="5" align="center"><span class="application">pg_walsummary</span></th></tr><tr><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pgwaldump.html" title="pg_waldump">Prev</a> </td><td width="10%" align="left"><a accesskey="u" href="reference-server.html" title="PostgreSQL Server Applications">Up</a></td><th width="60%" align="center">PostgreSQL Server Applications</th><td width="10%" align="right"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 18.0 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="10%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="app-postgres.html" title="postgres">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="refentry" id="APP-PGWALSUMMARY"><div class="titlepage"></div><a id="id-1.9.5.15.1" class="indexterm"></a><div class="refnamediv"><h2><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_walsummary</span></span></h2><p>pg_walsummary — print contents of WAL summary files</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p id="id-1.9.5.15.4.1"><code class="command">pg_walsummary</code> [<em class="replaceable"><code>option</code></em>...] [<em class="replaceable"><code>file</code></em>...]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.5.15.5"><h2>Description</h2><p>
3 <span class="application">pg_walsummary</span> is used to print the contents of
4 WAL summary files. These binary files are found with the
5 <code class="literal">pg_wal/summaries</code> subdirectory of the data directory,
6 and can be converted to text using this tool. This is not ordinarily
7 necessary, since WAL summary files primarily exist to support
8 <a class="link" href="continuous-archiving.html#BACKUP-INCREMENTAL-BACKUP" title="25.3.3. Making an Incremental Backup">incremental backup</a>,
9 but it may be useful for debugging purposes.
11 A WAL summary file is indexed by tablespace OID, relation OID, and relation
12 fork. For each relation fork, it stores the list of blocks that were
13 modified by WAL within the range summarized in the file. It can also
14 store a "limit block," which is 0 if the relation fork was created or
15 truncated within the relevant WAL range, and otherwise the shortest length
16 to which the relation fork was truncated. If the relation fork was not
17 created, deleted, or truncated within the relevant WAL range, the limit
18 block is undefined or infinite and will not be printed by this tool.
19 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.5.15.6"><h2>Options</h2><p>
20 </p><div class="variablelist"><dl class="variablelist"><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-i</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--individual</code></span></dt><dd><p>
21 By default, <code class="literal">pg_walsummary</code> prints one line of output
22 for each range of one or more consecutive modified blocks. This can
23 make the output a lot briefer, since a relation where all blocks from
24 0 through 999 were modified will produce only one line of output rather
25 than 1000 separate lines. This option requests a separate line of
26 output for every modified block.
27 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-q</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--quiet</code></span></dt><dd><p>
28 Do not print any output, except for errors. This can be useful
29 when you want to know whether a WAL summary file can be successfully
30 parsed but don't care about the contents.
31 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-V</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--version</code></span></dt><dd><p>
32 Display version information, then exit.
33 </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><code class="option">-?</code><br /></span><span class="term"><code class="option">--help</code></span></dt><dd><p>
34 Shows help about <span class="application">pg_walsummary</span> command line
36 </p></dd></dl></div><p>
37 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.5.15.7"><h2>Environment</h2><p>
38 The environment variable <code class="envar">PG_COLOR</code> specifies whether to use
39 color in diagnostic messages. Possible values are
40 <code class="literal">always</code>, <code class="literal">auto</code> and
41 <code class="literal">never</code>.
42 </p></div><div class="refsect1" id="id-1.9.5.15.8"><h2>See Also</h2><span class="simplelist"><a class="xref" href="app-pgbasebackup.html" title="pg_basebackup"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_basebackup</span></span></a>, <a class="xref" href="app-pgcombinebackup.html" title="pg_combinebackup"><span class="refentrytitle"><span class="application">pg_combinebackup</span></span></a></span></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pgwaldump.html" title="pg_waldump">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="reference-server.html" title="PostgreSQL Server Applications">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="app-postgres.html" title="postgres">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"><span class="application">pg_waldump</span> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html" title="PostgreSQL 18.0 Documentation">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> <span class="application">postgres</span></td></tr></table></div></body></html>