Minor update to documentation for ISMART43362-E WiFi Shield with NXP LPCXpresso55S69...

[cmsis-driver-validation] / Doxygen / DriverValidation.txt

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/**
\mainpage Introduction

This manual explains the scope and the usage of the Software Pack for \b CMSIS-Driver \b Validation.
<a href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/CMSIS/Driver/html/index.html" target="_blank">CMSIS-Driver</a> are standard peripheral
API interfaces that connect microcontroller peripherals with middleware or the user application. 

The Software Pack for CMSIS-Driver validation provides:
  - Configurable validation tests for several CMSIS-Driver interfaces
  - Example projects that show the usage of the CMSIS-Driver validation

The CMSIS-Driver Validation tests and verifies:
  - \b API \b interface \b interaction using the driver capabilities as well as valid and invalid parameters.
  - \b Data \b communication with various transfer sizes and communication parameters (i.e. baudrate).
  - \b Loopback \b communication (for some interfaces) for testing the underlying hardware.
  - \b Transfer \b speed of the data communication with time measurement of data transfers.

The CMSIS-Driver Validation requires
<a href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/CMSIS/RTOS/html/index.html" target="_blank">CMSIS-RTOS</a> or
<a href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/CMSIS/RTOS2/html/index.html" target="_blank">CMSIS-RTOS2</a> functionality and can be
used to verify the setup and configuration of the CMSIS-Driver interfaces in a user system. It is also used to validate
implementation of a CMSIS-Driver interface.

The diagram below is an overview of the configuration for CMSIS-Driver validation.

\image html DVSuite.png

This manual contains the following chapters:
  - \ref test_setup - Describes the general setup of the CMSIS-Driver validation test and how to generate test output.
  - \ref test_results - Explains how to interpret the test results from loopback tests.
  - \ref examples - Contains information of several example projects including the required hardware setup.
  - \ref resource_requirements - Lists memory and CMSIS-RTOS requirements.
  - <a class="el" href="./modules.html">Reference</a> - explains the individual tests for the various CMSIS-Driver
    interfaces.

The Software Pack for CMSIS-Driver validation current tests the following interfaces:
  - \ref can_funcs - Controller Area Network (CAN) peripheral.
  - \ref eth_funcs - Interface to Ethernet MAC and PHY peripheral.
  - \ref i2c_funcs - Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) multi-master serial single-ended bus interface driver.
  - \ref mci_funcs - Memory card interface for SD/MMC memory.
  - \ref spi_funcs - Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) driver.
  - \ref usart_funcs - Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter
    (USART) interface driver.
  - \ref usbd_funcs - Universal Serial Bus (USB) Device interface driver.
  - \ref usbh_funcs - Universal Serial Bus (USB) Host interface driver.
  - \ref wifi_funcs - WiFi (Wireless Fidelity Interface) module driver.

This manual assumes that you are familiar with MDK. Refer to
<a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/install" target="_blank">MDK Version 5 - Getting Started</a> for additional information.

<hr>

Revision History
----------------

<table class="cmtable" summary="Revision History">
    <tr>
      <th>Version</th>
      <th>Description</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>V1.4.0</td>
      <td>
        - Updated conditions to support all Cortex-M devices
        - Introduced test groups (each driver is organized in a group)
        - Improved XSL for XML display
        - Updated all examples
        - Removed example for Atmel board
        - WiFi Driver Testing: Added SockServer application for PC running Microsoft Windows
        - WiFi Driver Testing: Added upstream and downstream bandwidth testing
        - WiFi Driver Testing: Added example for Inventek ISM43362 WiFi Driver testing on STMicroelectronics B-L475E-IOT01A1 board
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>V1.3.0</td>
      <td>
        - Added WiFi tests
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>V1.2.0</td>
      <td>
        - Added CMSIS-RTOS2 and Arm Compiler 6 compatibility
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>V1.1.0</td>
      <td>
        - Added USB Host, CAN and Ethernet Precision Time Protocol tests
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>V1.0.0</td>
      <td>
        - Initial release for CMSIS-Driver API V2.0
      </td>
    </tr>
 </table>
*/

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/**
\page test_setup Test Setup

\section step1 Step 1: Create an MDK project with your target microcontroller device


\section step2 Step 2: Add required software components

For proper operation, add the following software components in the <b>Manage Run-Time Environment</b> window:
- <b>CMSIS Driver Validation:Framework</b>
- <b>CMSIS Driver Validation:driver</b>, driver interfaces to be tested
- <b>CMSIS Driver:driver</b>, driver implementations to be tested
- <b>CMSIS:RTOS2 (API):Keil RTX5</b>
- <b>Compiler:I/O:STDOUT</b>, variant \b ITM (if your hardware does not support ITM select \b User or \b EVR)
- Resolve any unresolved component dependecies


\section step3 Step 3: Add main.c

Right-click <b>Source Group 1...</b> and select <b>Add New Item to Group</b>. Select <b>User Code Template</b> and choose the
\b main file from <b>Device:Startup</b> or <b>CMSIS-RTOS2:Keil RTX5</b>.

Add this include:
\code
include "cmsis_dv.h"
\endcode

In the main function, after kernel initialization, create the \c cmsis_dv thread:
\code
osThreadNew(cmsis_dv, NULL, NULL);
\endcode
to run all tests that you have chosen in the next step.


\section step4 Step 4: Configure DV_Config.h

Open \c DV_Config.h under the <b>CMSIS Driver Validation</b> group in the Project window.

\image html dv_config_h.png "Configuration File DV_Config.h"

<b>Common Test Settings</b>

The common test settings help you to choose the output format of the test, buffer sizes and buffer content that should
be used for the send, receive, and transfer tests:
- The \b Print \b Output \b Format lets you select if you wish to create the output as plain text or as styled XML.
- \b Buffer \b sizes lets you select the buffer sizes that are used for data transfer. This setting has a direct impact on
  required \ref step6 "heap".
- You can specify also the <b>Buffer size for baudrate test</b>. For USART you can set the <b>Percentual tolerance for baudrate 
  test</b> and for SPI the <b>Percentual trigger for bus speed test</b>. Depending on the device \ref step7 "configuration", for 
  example when DMA is not used, the transfers may have larger overhead which is more significant for higher bus speeds. The 
  transfer overhead is reduced for larger transfer buffer sizes.
- Select your preferred <b>Buffer pattern</b>

<b>Driver-specific Settings</b>

Every interface has specific settings that can be changed in the according section:
- You need to specify the driver instance number (<b>Driver_<i>interface</i>#</b>) used for the test. This is especially
  important for microcontroller devices that have multiple peripherals of the same kind.
- Some drivers can have additional baudrate or timing settings.
- Select all driver tests that you wish to use. Note that all tests can run independently from each other. You do not need to
  specify a certain order.

\note For more information on additional settings and the different driver test cases, check the
<a class="el" href="./modules.html">Reference</a> section.
\note For WiFi driver validation some settings depend on the test environment and they necesseraly need to be set properly, 
for details please refer to \ref wifi_config section.


\section step5 Step 5: Configure Keil RTX5

Open \b RTX_Config.h and set:
- <b>Default Thread stack size [bytes]</b> to \a 2048
- <b>Global Dynamic Memory size [bytes]</b> to \a 8192 (Note 1)

\note Note 1: This setting is only necessary for WiFi driver testing for other tests default setting of 4096 is sufficient.

\section step6 Step 6: Configure Heap

Depending on the buffer sizes that you have chosen in \ref step4 "Step 4", you need to add more heap. Depending on how heap is 
configured in your system open your startup_<i>device</i>.s file from the \b Device group in the \b Project window or use a 
linker script to adjust the heap setting. Click on the 
<a href="http://www.keil.com/support/man/docs/uv4/uv4_ut_configwizard.htm" target="_blank">Configuration Wizard</a> view. 
Increase the heap size:
- for the validation framework add 1024 bytes.
- double the largest buffer size you have set in the configuration file and add this as well.

Refer to the \ref resource_requirements section for a calculation example.


\section step7 Step 7: Configure the Device

Depending on your device, you might have different pin/hardware configuration options. Usually, you can configure the device
using the \c RTE_Device.h file from the \b Device group. Enable all interfaces you wish to use in the tests and make all
necessary pin-out changes required by your actual board layout (consult the board schematics). The pre-built
\ref examples "examples" are already configured for the underlying hardware.

For a robust test with good coverage, implement various targets with different settings:
- \b Enable/disable the \b DMA controller of your device
- Set different \b buffer \b sizes in \ref step4 "DV_Config.h"
- Select different compiler \b optimization \b levels in the
  <a href="http://www.keil.com/support/man/docs/uv4/uv4_dg_adscc.htm" target="_blank">C/C++ tab</a> of the
  <b>Options for Target</b> dialog.


\section step8 Step 8: Setup Additional Hardware

For the interfaces that support loopback testing: \ref eth_funcs "Ethernet", \ref spi_funcs "SPI", and \ref usart_funcs "USART", 
connect the following pins on your target hardware together (refer to the hardware schematics):

- Ethernet: RX+ and TX+, RX- and TX-
- SPI: MISO and MOSI
- USART: RX and TX

For WiFi specific hardware requirements please refer to \ref wifi_requirements.

\section step9 Step 9: Download and Run the Project

In the <b>Options for Target</b> dialog, under debug settings, if you use ITM as standard output channel ensure that 
\b Trace and ITM port \token{0} are enabled and that the correct clock frequency is set:

\image html target_dialog.png "ITM Channel setting"

Build, load and run the project. The output is displayed in the <b>Debug (printf) Viewer</b> window:

\verbatim
CMSIS-Driver ETH Test Report   Nov 15 2019   15:25:59 

TEST 01: ETH_MAC_GetCapabilities          PASSED
TEST 02: ETH_MAC_Initialization           PASSED
TEST 03: ETH_MAC_PowerControl             
  DV_ETH.c (163): [WARNING] Low power is not supported
                                          PASSED
TEST 04: ETH_MAC_SetBusSpeed              
  DV_ETH.c (197): [WARNING] Link speed 1G is not supported
                                          PASSED
TEST 05: ETH_MAC_Config_Mode              PASSED
TEST 06: ETH_MAC_Config_CommonParams      PASSED
TEST 07: ETH_PHY_Initialization           PASSED
TEST 08: ETH_PHY_PowerControl             
  DV_ETH.c (300): [WARNING] Low power is not supported
                                          PASSED
TEST 09: ETH_PHY_Config                   PASSED
TEST 10: ETH_Loopback_Transfer            PASSED
TEST 11: ETH_PHY_CheckInvalidInit         NOT EXECUTED
TEST 12: ETH_MAC_CheckInvalidInit         NOT EXECUTED

Test Summary: 12 Tests, 10 Passed, 0 Failed.
Test Result: PASSED
\endverbatim

If you see warnings during loopback transfer tests, please read the section \ref test_results which gives you more
information on how to interpret the results.
*/


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/**
\page test_results Reading Test Results

The tests \ref SPI_Loopback_CheckBusSpeed and \ref USART_Loopback_CheckBaudrate may issue warnings when using the default
settings (especially loopback communication tests for SPI and USART):
\verbatim
CMSIS-Driver SPI Test Report   Nov 15 2019   15:35:11 

TEST 01: SPI_GetCapabilities              PASSED
TEST 02: SPI_Initialization               PASSED
TEST 03: SPI_PowerControl                 
  DV_SPI.c (244): [WARNING] Low power is not supported
                                          PASSED
TEST 04: SPI_Config_PolarityPhase         PASSED
TEST 05: SPI_Config_DataBits              PASSED
TEST 06: SPI_Config_BitOrder              
  DV_SPI.c (315): [WARNING] Bit order LSB_MSB is not supported
                                          PASSED
TEST 07: SPI_Config_SSMode                
  DV_SPI.c (343): [WARNING] Slave select MASTER_HW_INPUT is not supported
                                          PASSED
TEST 08: SPI_Config_BusSpeed              PASSED
TEST 09: SPI_Config_CommonParams          PASSED
TEST 10: SPI_Send                         PASSED
TEST 11: SPI_Receive                      PASSED
TEST 12: SPI_Loopback_CheckBusSpeed       
  DV_SPI.c (525): [WARNING] At 25000kHz: measured time is 2.437125 x expected time
                                          PASSED
TEST 13: SPI_Loopback_Transfer            PASSED
TEST 14: SPI_CheckInvalidInit             NOT EXECUTED
\endverbatim

The measured time is depending mainly on two factors: \b DMA and \b software \b overhead.

If you are not using \b DMA for data transfer, an interrupt is generated, in worst case, for every transferred byte. The
interrupt handling overhead for each byte can produce 10 times slower transfer than DMA. DMA will transfer the data
without overhead. Thus, only bus speed/baudrate tests with DMA enabled should be considered for
optimization. In case DMA cannot be used (because no DMA channel is left to be used for example), the user needs to be aware
that the data rates will decrease significantly.

The \b software \b overhead is introduced by the way the measurement is done. When the measurement is started a system tick 
value is stored and then the transfer is set up and started. The software then needs to determine when the transfer 
has ended and calculate required time difference by using previously stored system ticks and current system ticks.
Usually, the software overhead is a constant number of CPU cycles. The total amount of time required for the software overhead 
depends on the actual CPU that is used and on the optimization level used during build. \n
Increasing the <b>Buffer size for baudrate test</b> reduces the software overhead effect. The following calculation example
explains why.

\b Calculation \b Example

SPI bus speed = 25 Mbps

- Buffer size for baudrate tests = 512 byte (default value, equals 512 * 8 bit)
- Actual bus speed = 18 Mbps (read from driver)
- Expected time to transfer data = 227 µs (512 * 8 bit/18 Mbps)
- Measured time = 245 µs = 227 µs + 18 µs (coming from a software overhead)
- This results in a measured/expected time ratio of 1.08 which will lead to a warning

Using a buffer size of 8192 bytes in the example above will reduce the software overhead to less than 1% (which will issue no
warning anymore).
*/


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/**
\page examples Examples

This Software Pack contains a set or pre-built examples that show how to use the validation suite together with real
hardware. The following example projects are available. Use
<a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/packinstaller" target="_blank">Pack Installer</a> to copy them to your machine:

- \subpage examples_xmc4500_relax
- \subpage examples_mcbstm32f200
- \subpage examples_mcbstm32f400
- \subpage examples_b_l475e_iot01a1
- \subpage examples_stm32f746g
- \subpage examples_ismart43362_e

\anchor example_targets
Targets
-------

All projects contain two targets:
- <b>Create Report</b>: Test results and statistics are printed to the file \c TestReport\TestReport.xml. 
  Open the file in a web browser of your choice.
  \note <span style="font-weight:bold; color:Green">Passed</span> Status means that test case has passed sucessfully.
  \note <span style="font-weight:bold; color:DarkOrange">Passed</span> Status means that tests case has passed but there were some warnings (More details can be used to see the details).
  \note <span style="font-weight:bold; color:Blue">Not executed</span> Status means test case did not check any assertions.
  \note <span style="font-weight:bold; color:Red">Failed</span> Status means test case has failed (More details can be used to see the details).
- \b Debug: Results and statistics are printed to the Debug (printf) Viewer window through the standard output.
*/


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/**
\page examples_xmc4500_relax Infineon XMC4500 Relax Kit

Software Setup
--------------

Using <a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/packinstaller" target="_blank">Pack Installer</a> install latest 
<b>Infineon::XMC4000_DFP</b> pack and copy the example project
<b>CMSIS-Driver Validation (XMC4500 Relax Lite Kit)</b> to your machine.

-# Choose one of the available \ref example_targets and build the project.
-# If you wish to test the loopback mode for some of the interfaces, refer to the next section for proper board
   configuration.
-# Run the test on the target hardware using the on-board JLink-Lite debug adapter.

Hardware Setup
--------------

The following picture shows the necessary external loopback connections for the Infineon XMC4500 Relax Kit evaluation board:
 - UART2: \b P0.4 (UART2_RX)  and \b P0.5 (UART2_TX)  (Header X2)
 - SPI0:  \b P5.0 (SPI0_MOSI) and \b P5.1 (SPI0_MISO) (Header X2)
 - For Ethernet use a loopback plug as described in \ref eth_loopback "Loopback Communication Setup". 

\image html xmc4500.png  "Connections for Loop Back Communication Tests on Infineon XMC4500 Relax Kit"
*/


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/**
\page examples_mcbstm32f200 Keil MCBSTM32F200

Software Setup
--------------

Using <a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/packinstaller" target="_blank">Pack Installer</a> install latest 
<b>Keil::STM32F2xx_DFP</b> pack and copy the example project
<b>CMSIS-Driver Validation (MCBSTM32F200)</b> to your machine.

-# Choose one of the available \ref example_targets and build the project.
-# If you wish to test the loopback mode for some of the interfaces, refer to the next section for proper board
   configuration.
-# Run the test on the target hardware.

\note To communicate with the development board, a debug adapter from the
<a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/ulink/" target="_blank">ULINK</a> family is required.


Hardware Setup
--------------

The following picture shows the necessary external loopback connections for the Keil MCBSTM32F400 evaluation board:
 - SPI2: \b PB14 (SPI2_MISO) and \b PB15 (SPI2_MOSI)
 - USART1: \b PB6 (USART1_TX) and \b PB7 (USART1_RX)
 - For Ethernet use a loopback plug as described in \ref eth_loopback "Loopback Communication Setup". 

\image html mcbstm32f400.png  "Connections for Loop Back Communication Tests on Keil MCBSTM32F200"
*/


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/**
\page examples_mcbstm32f400 Keil MCBSTM32F400

Software Setup
--------------

Using <a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/packinstaller" target="_blank">Pack Installer</a> install latest 
<b>Keil::STM32F4xx_DFP</b> pack and copy the example project
<b>CMSIS-Driver Validation (MCBSTM32F400)</b> to your machine.

-# Choose one of the available \ref example_targets and build the project.
-# If you wish to test the loopback mode for some of the interfaces, refer to the next section for proper board
   configuration.
-# Run the test on the target hardware.

\note To communicate with the development board, a debug adapter from the
<a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/ulink/" target="_blank">ULINK</a> family is required.


Hardware Setup
--------------

The following picture shows the necessary external loopback connections for the Keil MCBSTM32F400 evaluation board:
 - SPI2: \b PB14 (SPI2_MISO) and \b PB15 (SPI2_MOSI)
 - USART1: \b PB6 (USART1_TX) and \b PB7 (USART1_RX)
 - For Ethernet use a loopback plug as described in \ref eth_loopback "Loopback Communication Setup". 

\image html mcbstm32f400.png  "Connections for Loop Back Communication Tests on Keil MCBSTM32F400"
*/


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/**
\page examples_b_l475e_iot01a1 STMicroelectronics B-L475E-IOT01A1

Software Setup
--------------

Using <a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/packinstaller" target="_blank">Pack Installer</a> install latest 
<b>Keil::STM32L4xx_DFP</b> pack and copy the example project
<b>CMSIS-Driver WiFi Inventek ISM43362 Validation (B-L475E-IOT01A1)</b> to your machine.

-# Choose one of the available \ref example_targets and build the project.
-# If you wish to test the loopback mode for some of the interfaces, refer to the next section for proper board
   configuration.
-# Run the test on the target hardware using the on-board ST-Link/V2.

This example is prepared for testing of the WiFi driver and it requires \ref wifi_requirements, as well as, propper 
configuration described in \ref wifi_config.

For details on WiFi driver tests please refer to \ref wifi_funcs.

\image html b-l475e-iot01a.png  "STMicroelectronics B-L475E-IOT01A1 board"
*/


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/**
\page examples_ismart43362_e ISMART43362-E WiFi Shield with NXP LPCXpresso55S69

Software Setup
--------------

Using <a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/packinstaller" target="_blank">Pack Installer</a> install latest 
<b>NXP::LPC55S69_DFP</b> and <b>NXP::LPCXpresso55S69_EVK</b> packs and copy the example project
<b>CMSIS-Driver WiFi Inventek ISM43362 Validation (LPCXpresso55S69)</b> to your machine.

-# Choose one of the available \ref example_targets and build the project.
-# If you wish to test the loopback mode for some of the interfaces, refer to the next section for proper board
   configuration.
-# Run the test on the target hardware.

\note To communicate with the development board, a debug adapter 
<a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/ulink/ulinkplus/" target="_blank">ULINKplus</a> is required.

This example is prepared for testing of the WiFi driver and it requires \ref wifi_requirements, as well as, propper 
configuration described in \ref wifi_config.

\image html LPCXpresso55S69.png  "NXP LPCXpresso55S69 with ISMART43362-E WiFi shield attached"
*/


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/**
\page examples_stm32f746g STMicroelectronics STM32F746G-Discovery

Software Setup
--------------

Using <a href="http://www2.keil.com/mdk5/packinstaller" target="_blank">Pack Installer</a> install latest 
<b>Keil::STM32F7xx_DFP</b> pack and copy the example project
<b>CMSIS-Driver Validation (STM32F746G-Discovery)</b> to your machine.

-# Choose one of the available \ref example_targets and build the project.
-# If you wish to test the loopback mode for some of the interfaces, refer to the next section for proper board
   configuration.
-# Run the test on the target hardware using the on-board ST-Link/V2.


Hardware Setup
--------------

The following picture shows the necessary external loopback connections for the STM32F746G-Discovery evaluation board:
 - SPI2: \b D12 (SPI2_MISO) and \b D11 (SPI2_MOSI)
 - USART6: \b D1 (USART6_TX) and \b D0 (USART6_RX)
 - For Ethernet use a loopback plug as described in \ref eth_loopback "Loopback Communication Setup". 

\image html stm32f746G-disco.png  "Connections for Loop Back Communication Tests on STM32F746G-Discovery"
*/

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/**
\page resource_requirements Resource Requirements

\section heap_req Heap Requirements
Heap is used by memory allocation functions. It is configured in the
<a class="el" href="http://www.keil.com/support/man/docs/gsac/gsac_startupcodecortex.htm" target="_blank">startup_device.s</a>
file located under the \b Device component class.

Additional memory is allocated for the validation framework and for the buffers that are used in the driver tests. 

For the validation framework add 1024 bytes of heap. Then, double the amount of the largest buffer size specified in the
\ref step4 "DV_Config.h" file and add this as well.

| Option (under section Heap Configuration)                         | Increase Value by
| :---------------------------------------------------------------- | :----------------------
| Heap Size (in Bytes)                                              | + (1024 + 2 x maximum buffer size)

\b Calculation \b Example

Let's assume that the default heap size in your device's startup file is \c 0x400 (which is 1024 bytes). Add 1024 for the
framework and for example another 2048 bytes if you are using the default \b Buffer \b Size of 512 bytes but you have set the
<b>Buffer size for baudrate tests</b> to 1024 bytes. This computes to a total heap of 3584 bytes which is equivalent to
\c 0xE00. Set this number in the startup file.


\section rtos2_req CMSIS-RTOS2 Requirements

The thread requirements need to be reflected in the CMSIS-RTOS2 configuration. Refer to the
<a class="el" href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/cmsis/RTOS2/html/index.html" target="_blank">CMSIS-RTOS2 Reference</a> for further details.

For <a class="el" href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/cmsis/RTOS2/html/rtx5_impl.html" target="_blank">CMSIS-RTOS2 RTX5</a>, thread
requirements are configured in the
<a class=el href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/cmsis/RTOS2/html/config_rtx5.html" target="_blank">RTX_Config.h</a> file located
under the \b CMSIS component class:

<table class="doxtable" summary="CMSIS-RTOS2 Configuration">
    <tr>
      <th align="left">Option (under section Thread Configuration)</th>
      <th>Set Value to</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Default Thread stack size [bytes]</td>
      <td>2048</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Global Dynamic Memory size [bytes] (Note 1)</td>
      <td>8192</td>
    </tr>
</table>

\note Note 1: This setting is only necessary for WiFi driver testing for other tests default setting of 4096 is sufficient.

\section rtos_req CMSIS-RTOS Requirements

Instead of CMSIS-RTOS2 you can use CMSIS-RTOS. In this case the \c main thread is implicitly created.
For proper operation, you need to add a certain amount of thread stack size to the \c main thread.

The thread requirements need to be reflected in the CMSIS-RTOS configuration. Refer to the
<a class="el" href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/cmsis/RTOS/html/index.html" target="_blank">CMSIS-RTOS Reference</a> for further details.

For <a class="el" href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/cmsis/RTOS/html/rtxImplementation.html" target="_blank">CMSIS-RTOS RTX</a>, thread
requirements are configured in the
<a class=el href="http://www.keil.com/pack/doc/cmsis/RTOS/html/configure.html" target="_blank">RTX_Conf_CM.c</a> file located
under the \b CMSIS component class:

<table class="doxtable" summary="CMSIS-RTOS Configuration">
    <tr>
      <th align="left">Option (under section Thread Configuration)</th>
      <th>Set Value to</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Default Thread stack size [bytes]</td>
      <td>2048</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Main Thread stack size [bytes]</td>
      <td>2048</td>
    </tr>
</table>

\note Do not forget to set the correct <b>RTOS Kernel Timer input clock frequency [Hz]</b> otherwise the tests will not run
properly on the device.

\note Only WiFi tests create one additional thread for socket testing and usually WiFi drivers have a thread 
for processing messages.
*/