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2 // ==== Message Queue Management ====
4 @addtogroup CMSIS_RTOS_Message Message Queue
6 @brief Exchange messages between threads in a FIFO-like operation.
8 \b Message \b passing is another basic communication model between threads. In the message passing model, one thread sends
9 data explicitly, while another thread receives it. The operation is more like some kind of I/O rather than a direct access to
10 information to be shared. In CMSIS-RTOS, this mechanism is called s \b message \b queue. The data is passed from one thread
11 to another in a FIFO-like operation. Using message queue functions, you can control, send, receive, or wait for messages. The
12 data to be passed can be of integer or pointer type:
14 \image html "MessageQueue.png" "CMSIS-RTOS Message Queue"
16 Compared to a \ref CMSIS_RTOS_PoolMgmt, message queues are less efficient in general, but solve a broader range of problems.
17 Sometimes, threads do not have a common address space or the use of shared memory raises problems, such as mutual exclusion.
19 \note The functions \ref osMessageQueuePut, \ref osMessageQueueGet, \ref osMessageQueueGetCapacity,
20 \ref osMessageQueueGetMsgSize, \ref osMessageQueueGetCount, \ref osMessageQueueGetSpace can be called from
21 \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
22 \note Refer to \ref msgQueueConfig for RTX5 configuration options.
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27 \def osMessageQueueId_t
30 - \ref osMessageQueueNew
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35 \struct osMessageQueueAttr_t
37 Specifies the following attributes for the \ref osMessageQueueNew function.
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42 \fn osMessageQueueId_t osMessageQueueNew (uint32_t msg_count, uint32_t msg_size, const osMessageQueueAttr_t *attr)
44 The function \ref osMessageQueueNew creates and initializes a message queue object.
45 The function returns a message queue object identifier or \token{NULL} in case of an error.
47 The function can be called after kernel initialization with \ref osKernelInitialize. It is possible to
48 create message queue objects before the RTOS kernel is started with \ref osKernelStart.
50 The total amount of memory required for the message queue data is at least <code>msg_count * msg_size</code>.
51 The \em msg_size is rounded up to a double even number to ensure 32-bit alignment of the memory blocks.
53 The memory blocks allocated from the message queue have a fixed size defined with the parameter \c msg_size.
55 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
59 Refer to \ref osMessageQueuePut
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64 \fn const char *osMessageQueueGetName (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id)
66 The function \b osMessageQueueGetName returns the pointer to the name string of the message queue identified by parameter \a
67 mq_id or \token{NULL} in case of an error.
69 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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74 \fn osStatus_t osMessageQueuePut (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id, const void *msg_ptr, uint8_t msg_prio, uint32_t timeout)
76 The blocking function \b osMessageQueuePut puts the message pointed to by \a msg_ptr into the the message queue specified
77 by parameter \a mq_id. The parameter \a msg_prio is used to sort message according their priority (higher numbers indicate
78 a higher priority) on insertion.
80 The parameter \a timeout specifies how long the system waits to put the message into the queue. While the system waits, the
81 thread that is calling this function is put into the \ref ThreadStates "BLOCKED" state. The parameter \ref CMSIS_RTOS_TimeOutValue "timeout"
82 can have the following values:
83 - when \a timeout is \token{0}, the function returns instantly (i.e. try semantics).
84 - when \a timeout is set to \b osWaitForever the function will wait for an infinite time until the message is delivered (i.e. wait semantics).
85 - all other values specify a time in kernel ticks for a timeout (i.e. timed-wait semantics).
87 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
88 - \em osOK: the message has been put into the queue.
89 - \em osErrorTimeout: the message could not be put into the queue in the given time (wait-timed semantics).
90 - \em osErrorResource: not enough space in the queue (try semantics).
91 - \em osErrorParameter: the parameter \a mq_id is incorrect, non-zero timeout specified in an ISR.
93 \note May be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines" if the parameter \a timeout is set to
98 #include "cmsis_os2.h" // CMSIS RTOS header file
100 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
101 * Message Queue creation & usage
102 *---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
104 void Thread_MsgQueue1 (void *argument); // thread function 1
105 void Thread_MsgQueue2 (void *argument); // thread function 2
106 osThreadId_t tid_Thread_MsgQueue1; // thread id 1
107 osThreadId_t tid_Thread_MsgQueue2; // thread id 2
109 #define MSGQUEUE_OBJECTS 16 // number of Message Queue Objects
111 typedef struct { // object data type
116 osMessageQueueId_t mid_MsgQueue; // message queue id
118 int Init_MsgQueue (void) {
120 mid_MsgQueue = osMessageQueueNew(MSGQUEUE_OBJECTS, sizeof(MSGQUEUE_OBJ_t), NULL);
122 ; // Message Queue object not created, handle failure
125 tid_Thread_MsgQueue1 = osThreadNew (Thread_MsgQueue1, NULL, NULL);
126 if (!tid_Thread_MsgQueue1) return(-1);
127 tid_Thread_MsgQueue2 = osThreadNew (Thread_MsgQueue2, NULL, NULL);
128 if (!tid_Thread_MsgQueue2) return(-1);
133 void Thread_MsgQueue1 (void *argument) {
137 ; // Insert thread code here...
138 msg.Buf[0] = 0x55; // do some work...
140 osMessageQueuePut (mid_MsgQueue, &msg, 0, NULL);
141 osThreadYield (); // suspend thread
145 void Thread_MsgQueue2 (void *argument) {
151 ; // Insert thread code here...
152 status = osMessageQueueGet (mid_MsgQueue, &msg, NULL, NULL); // wait for message
153 if (status == osOK) {
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163 \fn osStatus_t osMessageQueueGet (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id, void *msg_ptr, uint8_t *msg_prio, uint32_t timeout)
165 The function \b osMessageQueueGet retrieves a message from the message queue specified by the parameter \a mq_id and saves it
166 to the buffer pointed to by the parameter \a msg_ptr. The message priority is stored to parameter \a msg_prio if not token{NULL}.
168 The parameter \a timeout specifies how long the system waits to retrieve the message from the queue. While the system waits,
169 the thread that is calling this function is put into the \ref ThreadStates "BLOCKED" state. The parameter
170 \ref CMSIS_RTOS_TimeOutValue "timeout" can have the following values:
171 - when \a timeout is \token{0}, the function returns instantly (i.e. try semantics).
172 - when \a timeout is set to \b osWaitForever the function will wait for an infinite time until the message is retrieved (i.e. wait semantics).
173 - all other values specify a time in kernel ticks for a timeout (i.e. timed-wait semantics).
175 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
176 - \em osOK: the message has been retrieved from the queue.
177 - \em osErrorTimeout: the message could not be retrieved from the queue in the given time (timed-wait semantics).
178 - \em osErrorResource: nothing to get from the queue (try semantics).
179 - \em osErrorParameter: the parameter \a mq_id is incorrect, non-zero timeout specified in an ISR.
181 \note May be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines" if the parameter \a timeout is set to
186 Refer to \ref osMessageQueuePut
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191 \fn uint32_t osMessageQueueGetCapacity (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id)
193 The function \b osMessageQueueGetCapacity returns the maximum number of messages in the message queue object specified by
194 parameter \a mq_id or \token{0} in case of an error.
196 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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201 \fn uint32_t osMessageQueueGetMsgSize (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id)
203 The function \b osMessageQueueGetMsgSize returns the maximum message size in bytes for the message queue object specified by
204 parameter \a mq_id or \token{0} in case of an error.
206 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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211 \fn uint32_t osMessageQueueGetCount (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id)
213 The function \b osMessageQueueGetCount returns the number of queued messages in the message queue object specified by
214 parameter \a mq_id or \token{0} in case of an error.
216 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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221 \fn uint32_t osMessageQueueGetSpace (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id)
223 The function \b osMessageQueueGetSpace returns the number available slots for messages in the message queue object specified
224 by parameter \a mq_id or \token{0} in case of an error.
226 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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231 \fn osStatus_t osMessageQueueReset (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id)
233 The function \b osMessageQueueReset resets the message queue specified by the parameter \a mq_id.
235 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
236 - \em osOK: the message queue has been rest.
237 - \em osErrorParameter: parameter \em mq_id is \token{NULL} or invalid.
238 - \em osErrorResource: the message queue specified by parameter \a mq_id is in an invalid message queue state.
239 - \em osErrorISR: \b osMessageQueueReset cannot be called from interrupt service routines.
241 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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246 \fn osStatus_t osMessageQueueDelete (osMessageQueueId_t mq_id)
248 The function \b osMessageQueueDelete deletes a message queue object specified by parameter \a mq_id. It releases internal
249 memory obtained for message queue handling. After this call, the \a mq_id is no longer valid and cannot be used. The
250 message queue may be created again using the function \ref osMessageQueueNew.
252 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
253 - \em osOK: the message queue object has been deleted.
254 - \em osErrorParameter: parameter \em mq_id is \token{NULL} or invalid.
255 - \em osErrorResource: the message queue specified by parameter \a mq_id is in an invalid message queue state.
256 - \em osErrorISR: \b osMessageQueueDelete cannot be called from interrupt service routines.
258 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
262 // these struct members must stay outside the group to avoid double entries in documentation
264 \var osMessageQueueAttr_t::attr_bits
266 Reserved for future use (must be set to '0' for future compatibility).
268 \var osMessageQueueAttr_t::cb_mem
270 Pointer to a memory for the message queue control block object. Refer to \ref StaticObjectMemory for more information.
272 Default: \token{NULL} to use \ref CMSIS_RTOS_MemoryMgmt_Automatic for the message queue control block.
274 \var osMessageQueueAttr_t::cb_size
276 The size (in bytes) of memory block passed with \ref cb_mem. For RTX, the minimum value is defined with \ref osRtxMessageQueueCbSize (higher values are permitted).
278 Default: \token{0} as the default is no memory provided with \ref cb_mem.
280 \var osMessageQueueAttr_t::name
282 Pointer to a constant string with a human readable name (displayed during debugging) of the message queue object.
284 Default: \token{NULL} no name specified.
286 \var osMessageQueueAttr_t::mq_mem
288 Pointer to a memory for the message queue data. Refer to \ref StaticObjectMemory for more information.
290 Default: \token{NULL} to use \ref CMSIS_RTOS_MemoryMgmt_Automatic for the memory pool data.
292 \var osMessageQueueAttr_t::mq_size
294 The size (in bytes) of memory block passed with \ref mq_mem. The minimum memory block size is <code>msg_count * msg_size</code> (parameters of the \ref osMessageQueueNew function). The \em msg_size is rounded up to a double even number to ensure 32-bit alignment of the memory blocks.
296 Default: 0 as the default is no memory provided with \ref mq_mem.