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2 // ==== Memory Pool Management ====
4 \addtogroup CMSIS_RTOS_PoolMgmt Memory Pool
6 \brief Manage thread-safe fixed-size blocks of dynamic memory.
8 \b Memory \b Pools are fixed-size blocks of memory that are thread-safe. They operate much faster than the dynamically
9 allocated heap and do not suffer from fragmentation. Being thread-safe, they can be accessed from threads and ISRs alike.
11 A Memory Pool can be seen as a linked list of available (unused) memory blocks of fixed and equal size. Allocating memory
12 from a pool (using \ref osMemoryPoolAlloc) simply unchains a block from the list and hands over control to the user. Freeing
13 memory to the pool (using \ref osMemoryPoolFree) simply rechains the block into the list.
15 \image html "mempool.png" "CMSIS-RTOS Memory Pools"
17 \note One must not write to freed block. It is up to the implementation to reuse the memory of unused blocks for internal
18 control data, i.e. linked list pointers.
20 \b Shared \b memory is one of the basic models to exchange information between threads. Using memory pools for exchanging
21 data, you can share more complex objects between threads if compared to a \ref CMSIS_RTOS_Message. Memory pool management
22 functions are used to define and manage such fixed-sized memory pools.
24 \note The functions \ref osMemoryPoolAlloc, \ref osMemoryPoolFree, \ref osMemoryPoolGetCapacity,
25 \ref osMemoryPoolGetBlockSize, \ref osMemoryPoolGetCount, \ref osMemoryPoolGetSpace can be called from
26 \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
27 \note Refer to \ref memPoolConfig for RTX5 configuration options.
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34 \typedef osMemoryPoolId_t
37 - \ref osMemoryPoolNew
41 \struct osMemoryPoolAttr_t
43 Attributes to configure a memory pool.
45 Refer to \ref CMSIS_RTOS_MemoryMgmt for details about usage of
46 - osMemoryPoolAttr_t::cb_mem
47 - osMemoryPoolAttr_t::cb_size
48 - osMemoryPoolAttr_t::mp_mem
49 - osMemoryPoolAttr_t::mp_size
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54 \fn osMemoryPoolId_t osMemoryPoolNew (uint32_t block_count, uint32_t block_size, const osMemoryPoolAttr_t *attr)
56 The function \b osMemoryPoolNew creates and initializes a memory pool object and returns the pointer to the memory pool
57 object identifier or \token{NULL} in case of an error. It can be safely called before the RTOS is
58 started (call to \ref osKernelStart), but not before it is initialized (call to \ref osKernelInitialize).
60 The total amount of memory needed is at least <code>block_count * block_size</code>. Memory from the pool can only be
61 allocated/freed in fixed portions of \c block_size.
63 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
67 #include "cmsis_os2.h" // CMSIS RTOS header file
69 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------
70 * Memory Pool creation & usage
71 *---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
73 #define MEMPOOL_OBJECTS 16 // number of Memory Pool Objects
75 typedef struct { // object data type
80 osMemoryPoolId_t mpid_MemPool; // memory pool id
82 osThreadId_t tid_Thread_MemPool; // thread id
84 void Thread_MemPool (void *argument); // thread function
86 int Init_MemPool (void) {
88 mpid_MemPool = osMemoryPoolNew(MEMPOOL_OBJECTS, sizeof(MEM_BLOCK_t), NULL);
89 if (mpid_MemPool == NULL) {
90 ; // MemPool object not created, handle failure
93 tid_Thread_MemPool = osThreadNew(Thread_MemPool, NULL, NULL);
94 if (tid_Thread_MemPool == NULL) {
101 void Thread_MemPool (void *argument) {
106 ; // Insert thread code here...
108 pMem = (MEM_BLOCK_t *)osMemoryPoolAlloc(mpid_MemPool, 0U); // get Mem Block
109 if (pMem != NULL) { // Mem Block was available
110 pMem->Buf[0] = 0x55U; // do some work...
113 status = osMemoryPoolFree(mpid_MemPool, pMem); // free mem block
117 case osErrorParameter:
119 case osErrorNoMemory:
126 osThreadYield(); // suspend thread
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134 \fn const char *osMemoryPoolGetName (osMemoryPoolId_t mp_id)
136 The function \b osMemoryPoolGetName returns the pointer to the name string of the memory pool identified by parameter \a
137 mp_id or \token{NULL} in case of an error.
139 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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144 \fn void *osMemoryPoolAlloc (osMemoryPoolId_t mp_id, uint32_t timeout)
146 The blocking function \b osMemoryPoolAlloc allocates the memory pool parameter \a mp_id and returns a pointer to the address
147 of the allocated memory or \token{0} in case of an error.
149 The parameter \a timeout specifies how long the system waits to allocate the memory. While the system waits, the thread
150 that is calling this function is put into the \ref ThreadStates "BLOCKED" state. The thread will become \ref ThreadStates "READY"
151 as soon as at least one block of memory gets available.
153 The parameter \ref CMSIS_RTOS_TimeOutValue "timeout" can have the following values:
154 - when \a timeout is \token{0}, the function returns instantly (i.e. try semantics).
155 - when \a timeout is set to \b osWaitForever the function will wait for an infinite time until the memory is allocated (i.e. wait semantics).
156 - all other values specify a time in kernel ticks for a timeout (i.e. timed-wait semantics).
158 The result is the pointer to the memory block allocated, or NULL if no memory is available.
160 \note It is in the responsibility of the user to respect the block size, i.e. not access memory beyond the blocks limit.
162 \note May be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines" if the parameter \a timeout is set to
167 Refer to \ref osMemoryPoolNew.
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172 \fn osStatus_t osMemoryPoolFree (osMemoryPoolId_t mp_id, void *block)
174 The function \b osMemoryPoolFree frees the memory pool block specified by the parameter \a block in the memory pool object
175 specified by the parameter \a mp_id. The memory block is put back to the list of available blocks.
177 If another thread is waiting for memory to become available the thread is put to \ref ThreadStates "READY" state.
179 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
180 - \em osOK: the memory has been freed.
181 - \em osErrorParameter: parameter \a mp_id is \token{NULL} or invalid, \a block points to invalid memory.
182 - \em osErrorResource: the memory pool is in an invalid state.
184 \note \b osMemoryPoolFree may perform certain checks on the \a block pointer given. But using \b osMemoryPoolFree
185 with a pointer other than one received from \ref osMemoryPoolAlloc has \b UNPREDICTED behaviour.
187 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
191 Refer to \ref osMemoryPoolNew.
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196 \fn uint32_t osMemoryPoolGetCapacity (osMemoryPoolId_t mp_id)
198 The function \b osMemoryPoolGetCapacity returns the maximum number of memory blocks in the memory pool object specified by
199 parameter \a mp_id or \token{0} in case of an error.
201 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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206 \fn uint32_t osMemoryPoolGetBlockSize (osMemoryPoolId_t mp_id)
208 The function \b osMemoryPoolGetBlockSize returns the memory block size in bytes in the memory pool object specified by
209 parameter \a mp_id or \token{0} in case of an error.
211 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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216 \fn uint32_t osMemoryPoolGetCount (osMemoryPoolId_t mp_id)
218 The function \b osMemoryPoolGetCount returns the number of memory blocks used in the memory pool object specified by
219 parameter \a mp_id or \token{0} in case of an error.
221 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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226 \fn uint32_t osMemoryPoolGetSpace (osMemoryPoolId_t mp_id)
228 The function \b osMemoryPoolGetSpace returns the number of memory blocks available in the memory pool object specified by
229 parameter \a mp_id or \token{0} in case of an error.
231 \note This function may be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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236 \fn osStatus_t osMemoryPoolDelete (osMemoryPoolId_t mp_id)
238 The function \b osMemoryPoolDelete deletes a memory pool object specified by parameter \a mp_id. It releases internal
239 memory obtained for memory pool handling. After this call, the \a mp_id is no longer valid and cannot be used. The
240 memory pool may be created again using the function \ref osMemoryPoolNew.
242 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
243 - \em osOK: the memory pool object has been deleted.
244 - \em osErrorParameter: parameter \a mp_id is \token{NULL} or invalid.
245 - \em osErrorResource: the memory pool is in an invalid state.
246 - \em osErrorISR: \b osMemoryPoolDelete cannot be called from interrupt service routines.
248 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
252 // these struct members must stay outside the group to avoid double entries in documentation
254 \var osMemoryPoolAttr_t::attr_bits
256 Reserved for future use (set to '0').\n
259 \var osMemoryPoolAttr_t::cb_mem
261 Pointer to a memory location for the memory pool control block object. This can optionally be used for custom memory management systems.\n
262 Default: \token{NULL} (uses kernel memory management).
264 \var osMemoryPoolAttr_t::cb_size
266 The size of the memory block passed with \ref cb_mem. Must be the size of a memory pool control block object or larger.
268 \var osMemoryPoolAttr_t::name
270 Pointer to a string with a human readable name of the memory pool object.\n
271 Default: \token{NULL}.
273 \var osMemoryPoolAttr_t::mp_mem
275 Pointer to a memory location for the data of the memory pool object.\n
276 Default: \token{NULL}.
278 \var osMemoryPoolAttr_t::mp_size
280 The size of the memory passed with \ref mp_mem.