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4 // ==== Timer Management Functions ====
6 \addtogroup CMSIS_RTOS_TimerMgmt Timer Management
8 \brief Create and control timer and timer callback functions.
10 In addition to the \ref CMSIS_RTOS_Wait CMSIS-RTOS also supports virtual timer objects. These timer objects can
11 trigger the execution of a function (not threads). When a timer expires, a callback function is executed to run associated
12 code with the timer. Each timer can be configured as a one-shot or a periodic timer. A periodic timer repeats its operation
13 until it is \ref osTimerDelete "deleted" or \ref osTimerStop "stopped". All timers can be
14 \ref osTimerStart "started, restarted", or \ref osTimerStop "stopped".
16 \note RTX handles Timers in the thread \b osRtxTimerThread. Callback functions run under control of this thread and may use
17 other CMSIS-RTOS API calls. The \b osRtxTimerThread is configured in \ref timerConfig.
18 \note Timer management functions cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
20 The figure below shows the behavior of a periodic timer. For one-shot timers, the timer stops after execution of the
23 \image html "Timer.png" "Behavior of a Periodic Timer"
28 The following steps are required to use a software timer:
31 osTimerId_t one_shot_id, periodic_id;
33 -# Define callback functions:
35 static void one_shot_Callback (void *argument) {
36 int32_t arg = (int32_t)argument; // cast back argument '0'
37 // do something, i.e. set thread/event flags
39 static void periodic_Callback (void *argument) {
40 int32_t arg = (int32_t)argument; // cast back argument '5'
41 // do something, i.e. set thread/event flags
44 -# Instantiate and start the timers:
46 // creates a one-shot timer:
47 one_shot_id = osTimerNew(one_shot_Callback, osTimerOnce, (void *)0, NULL); // (void*)0 is passed as an argument
48 // to the callback function
49 // creates a periodic timer:
50 periodic_id = osTimerNew(periodic_Callback, osTimerPeriodic, (void *)5, NULL); // (void*)5 is passed as an argument
51 // to the callback function
52 osTimerStart(one_shot_id, 500U);
53 osTimerStart(periodic_id, 1500U);
55 // start the one-shot timer again after it has triggered the first time:
56 osTimerStart(one_shot_id, 500U);
58 // when timers are not needed any longer free the resources:
59 osTimerDelete(one_shot_id);
60 osTimerDelete(periodic_id);
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69 The \ref osTimerType_t specifies the a repeating (periodic) or one-shot timer for the function \ref osTimerNew.
71 \var osTimerType_t::osTimerOnce
73 The timer is not automatically restarted once it has elapsed. It can be restarted manually using \ref osTimerStart as needed.
75 \var osTimerType_t::osTimerPeriodic
77 The timer repeats automatically and triggers the callback continuously while running, see \ref osTimerStart and \ref osTimerStop.
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84 Instances of this type hold a reference to a timer object. \n
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91 \typedef void (*osTimerFunc_t) (void *argument)
93 The timer callback function is called every time the timer elapses.
95 The callback might be executed either in a dedicated timer thread or in interrupt context. Thus it is recommended to only
96 use ISR callable functions from the timer callback.
98 \param[in] argument The argument provided to \ref osTimerNew.
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103 \struct osTimerAttr_t
105 Specifies the following attributes for the \ref osTimerNew function.
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110 \fn osTimerId_t osTimerNew (osTimerFunc_t func, osTimerType_t type, void *argument, const osTimerAttr_t *attr)
112 The function \b osTimerNew creates an one-shot or periodic timer and associates it with a callback function with \a argument.
113 The timer is in stopped state until it is started with \ref osTimerStart. The function can be safely called before the RTOS
114 is started (call to \ref osKernelStart), but not before it is initialized (call to \ref osKernelInitialize).
116 The function \b osTimerNew returns the pointer to the timer object identifier or \token{NULL} in case of an error.
118 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
122 #include "cmsis_os2.h"
124 void Timer1_Callback (void *arg); // prototypes for timer callback function
125 void Timer2_Callback (void *arg); // prototypes for timer callback function
127 uint32_t exec1; // argument for the timer call back function
128 uint32_t exec2; // argument for the timer call back function
130 void TimerCreate_example (void) {
131 osTimerId_t id1; // timer id
132 osTimerId_t id2; // timer id
134 // Create one-shoot timer
136 id1 = osTimerNew(Timer1_Callback, osTimerOnce, &exec1, NULL);
138 // One-shoot timer created
141 // Create periodic timer
143 id2 = osTimerNew(Timer2_Callback, osTimerPeriodic, &exec2, NULL);
145 // Periodic timer created
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155 \fn const char *osTimerGetName (osTimerId_t timer_id)
157 The function \b osTimerGetName returns the pointer to the name string of the timer identified by parameter \a timer_id or
158 \token{NULL} in case of an error.
160 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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165 \fn osStatus_t osTimerStart (osTimerId_t timer_id, uint32_t ticks)
167 The function \b osTimerStart starts or restarts a timer specified by the parameter \a timer_id. The parameter \a ticks
168 specifies the value of the timer in \ref CMSIS_RTOS_TimeOutValue "time ticks".
170 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
171 - \em osOK: the specified timer has been started or restarted.
172 - \em osErrorISR: \b osTimerStart cannot be called from interrupt service routines.
173 - \em osErrorParameter: parameter \a timer_id is either \token{NULL} or invalid or \a ticks is incorrect.
174 - \em osErrorResource: the timer is in an invalid state.
176 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
180 #include "cmsis_os2.h"
182 void Timer_Callback (void *arg) { // timer callback function
183 // arg contains &exec
184 // called every second after osTimerStart
187 uint32_t exec; // argument for the timer call back function
189 void TimerStart_example (void) {
190 osTimerId_t id; // timer id
191 uint32_t timerDelay; // timer value
192 osStatus_t status; // function return status
194 // Create periodic timer
196 id = osTimerNew(Timer_Callback, osTimerPeriodic, &exec, NULL);
199 status = osTimerStart(id, timerDelay); // start timer
200 if (status != osOK) {
201 // Timer could not be started
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211 \fn osStatus_t osTimerStop (osTimerId_t timer_id)
213 The function \b osTimerStop stops a timer specified by the parameter \a timer_id.
215 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
216 - \em osOK: the specified timer has been stopped.
217 - \em osErrorISR: \b osTimerStop cannot be called from interrupt service routines.
218 - \em osErrorParameter: parameter \a timer_id is either \token{NULL} or invalid.
219 - \em osErrorResource: the timer is not running (you can only stop a running timer).
221 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
225 #include "cmsis_os2.h"
227 void Timer_Callback (void *arg); // prototype for timer callback function
229 uint32_t exec; // argument for the timer call back function
231 void TimerStop_example (void) {
232 osTimerId_t id; // timer id
233 osStatus_t status; // function return status
235 // Create periodic timer
237 id = osTimerNew(Timer_Callback, osTimerPeriodic, &exec, NULL);
238 osTimerStart(id, 1000U); // start timer
240 status = osTimerStop(id); // stop timer
241 if (status != osOK) {
242 // Timer could not be stopped
245 osTimerStart(id, 1000U); // start timer again
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253 \fn uint32_t osTimerIsRunning (osTimerId_t timer_id)
255 The function \b osTimerIsRunning checks whether a timer specified by parameter \a timer_id is running. It returns \token{1}
256 if the timer is running and \token{0} if the timer is stopped or an error occurred.
258 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
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263 \fn osStatus_t osTimerDelete (osTimerId_t timer_id)
265 The function \b osTimerDelete deletes the timer specified by parameter \a timer_id.
267 Possible \ref osStatus_t return values:
268 - \em osOK: the specified timer has been deleted.
269 - \em osErrorISR: \b osTimerDelete cannot be called from interrupt service routines.
270 - \em osErrorParameter: parameter \a timer_id is either \token{NULL} or invalid.
271 - \em osErrorResource: the timer is in an invalid state.
273 \note This function \b cannot be called from \ref CMSIS_RTOS_ISR_Calls "Interrupt Service Routines".
277 #include "cmsis_os2.h"
279 void Timer_Callback (void *arg); // prototype for timer callback function
281 uint32_t exec; // argument for the timer call back function
283 void TimerDelete_example (void) {
284 osTimerId_t id; // timer id
285 osStatus_t status; // function return status
287 // Create periodic timer
289 id = osTimerNew(Timer_Callback, osTimerPeriodic, &exec, NULL);
290 osTimerStart(id, 1000U); // start timer
292 status = osTimerDelete(id); // stop and delete timer
293 if (status != osOK) {
294 // Timer could not be deleted
302 // these struct members must stay outside the group to avoid double entries in documentation
304 \var osTimerAttr_t::attr_bits
306 Reserved for future use (must be set to '0' for future compatibility).
308 \var osTimerAttr_t::cb_mem
310 Pointer to a memory for the timer control block object. Refer to \ref StaticObjectMemory for more information.
312 Default: \token{NULL} to use \ref CMSIS_RTOS_MemoryMgmt_Automatic for the timer control block.
314 \var osTimerAttr_t::cb_size
316 The size (in bytes) of memory block passed with \ref cb_mem. For RTX, the minimum value is defined with \ref osRtxTimerCbSize (higher values are permitted).
318 Default: \token{0} as the default is no memory provided with \ref cb_mem.
320 \var osTimerAttr_t::name
322 Pointer to a constant string with a human readable name (displayed during debugging) of the timer object.
324 Default: \token{NULL} no name specified.