2 * FreeRTOS Kernel V202110.00
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22 * https://www.FreeRTOS.org
23 * https://github.com/FreeRTOS
28 * This is the list implementation used by the scheduler. While it is tailored
29 * heavily for the schedulers needs, it is also available for use by
32 * list_ts can only store pointers to list_item_ts. Each ListItem_t contains a
33 * numeric value (xItemValue). Most of the time the lists are sorted in
34 * descending item value order.
36 * Lists are created already containing one list item. The value of this
37 * item is the maximum possible that can be stored, it is therefore always at
38 * the end of the list and acts as a marker. The list member pxHead always
39 * points to this marker - even though it is at the tail of the list. This
40 * is because the tail contains a wrap back pointer to the true head of
43 * In addition to it's value, each list item contains a pointer to the next
44 * item in the list (pxNext), a pointer to the list it is in (pxContainer)
45 * and a pointer to back to the object that contains it. These later two
46 * pointers are included for efficiency of list manipulation. There is
47 * effectively a two way link between the object containing the list item and
48 * the list item itself.
51 * \page ListIntroduction List Implementation
52 * \ingroup FreeRTOSIntro
59 #ifndef INC_FREERTOS_H
60 #error "FreeRTOS.h must be included before list.h"
64 * The list structure members are modified from within interrupts, and therefore
65 * by rights should be declared volatile. However, they are only modified in a
66 * functionally atomic way (within critical sections of with the scheduler
67 * suspended) and are either passed by reference into a function or indexed via
68 * a volatile variable. Therefore, in all use cases tested so far, the volatile
69 * qualifier can be omitted in order to provide a moderate performance
70 * improvement without adversely affecting functional behaviour. The assembly
71 * instructions generated by the IAR, ARM and GCC compilers when the respective
72 * compiler's options were set for maximum optimisation has been inspected and
73 * deemed to be as intended. That said, as compiler technology advances, and
74 * especially if aggressive cross module optimisation is used (a use case that
75 * has not been exercised to any great extend) then it is feasible that the
76 * volatile qualifier will be needed for correct optimisation. It is expected
77 * that a compiler removing essential code because, without the volatile
78 * qualifier on the list structure members and with aggressive cross module
79 * optimisation, the compiler deemed the code unnecessary will result in
80 * complete and obvious failure of the scheduler. If this is ever experienced
81 * then the volatile qualifier can be inserted in the relevant places within the
82 * list structures by simply defining configLIST_VOLATILE to volatile in
83 * FreeRTOSConfig.h (as per the example at the bottom of this comment block).
84 * If configLIST_VOLATILE is not defined then the preprocessor directives below
85 * will simply #define configLIST_VOLATILE away completely.
87 * To use volatile list structure members then add the following line to
88 * FreeRTOSConfig.h (without the quotes):
89 * "#define configLIST_VOLATILE volatile"
91 #ifndef configLIST_VOLATILE
92 #define configLIST_VOLATILE
93 #endif /* configSUPPORT_CROSS_MODULE_OPTIMISATION */
101 /* Macros that can be used to place known values within the list structures,
102 * then check that the known values do not get corrupted during the execution of
103 * the application. These may catch the list data structures being overwritten in
104 * memory. They will not catch data errors caused by incorrect configuration or
106 #if ( configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES == 0 )
107 /* Define the macros to do nothing. */
108 #define listFIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE
109 #define listSECOND_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE
110 #define listFIRST_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE
111 #define listSECOND_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE
112 #define listSET_FIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE( pxItem )
113 #define listSET_SECOND_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE( pxItem )
114 #define listSET_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_1_VALUE( pxList )
115 #define listSET_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_2_VALUE( pxList )
116 #define listTEST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY( pxItem )
117 #define listTEST_LIST_INTEGRITY( pxList )
118 #else /* if ( configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES == 0 ) */
119 /* Define macros that add new members into the list structures. */
120 #define listFIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE TickType_t xListItemIntegrityValue1;
121 #define listSECOND_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE TickType_t xListItemIntegrityValue2;
122 #define listFIRST_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE TickType_t xListIntegrityValue1;
123 #define listSECOND_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE TickType_t xListIntegrityValue2;
125 /* Define macros that set the new structure members to known values. */
126 #define listSET_FIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE( pxItem ) ( pxItem )->xListItemIntegrityValue1 = pdINTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE
127 #define listSET_SECOND_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE( pxItem ) ( pxItem )->xListItemIntegrityValue2 = pdINTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE
128 #define listSET_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_1_VALUE( pxList ) ( pxList )->xListIntegrityValue1 = pdINTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE
129 #define listSET_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_2_VALUE( pxList ) ( pxList )->xListIntegrityValue2 = pdINTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE
131 /* Define macros that will assert if one of the structure members does not
132 * contain its expected value. */
133 #define listTEST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY( pxItem ) configASSERT( ( ( pxItem )->xListItemIntegrityValue1 == pdINTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE ) && ( ( pxItem )->xListItemIntegrityValue2 == pdINTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE ) )
134 #define listTEST_LIST_INTEGRITY( pxList ) configASSERT( ( ( pxList )->xListIntegrityValue1 == pdINTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE ) && ( ( pxList )->xListIntegrityValue2 == pdINTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE ) )
135 #endif /* configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES */
139 * Definition of the only type of object that a list can contain.
144 listFIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE /*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
145 configLIST_VOLATILE TickType_t xItemValue; /*< The value being listed. In most cases this is used to sort the list in descending order. */
146 struct xLIST_ITEM * configLIST_VOLATILE pxNext; /*< Pointer to the next ListItem_t in the list. */
147 struct xLIST_ITEM * configLIST_VOLATILE pxPrevious; /*< Pointer to the previous ListItem_t in the list. */
148 void * pvOwner; /*< Pointer to the object (normally a TCB) that contains the list item. There is therefore a two way link between the object containing the list item and the list item itself. */
149 struct xLIST * configLIST_VOLATILE pxContainer; /*< Pointer to the list in which this list item is placed (if any). */
150 listSECOND_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE /*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
152 typedef struct xLIST_ITEM ListItem_t; /* For some reason lint wants this as two separate definitions. */
154 struct xMINI_LIST_ITEM
156 listFIRST_LIST_ITEM_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE /*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
157 configLIST_VOLATILE TickType_t xItemValue;
158 struct xLIST_ITEM * configLIST_VOLATILE pxNext;
159 struct xLIST_ITEM * configLIST_VOLATILE pxPrevious;
161 typedef struct xMINI_LIST_ITEM MiniListItem_t;
164 * Definition of the type of queue used by the scheduler.
168 listFIRST_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE /*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
169 volatile UBaseType_t uxNumberOfItems;
170 ListItem_t * configLIST_VOLATILE pxIndex; /*< Used to walk through the list. Points to the last item returned by a call to listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY (). */
171 MiniListItem_t xListEnd; /*< List item that contains the maximum possible item value meaning it is always at the end of the list and is therefore used as a marker. */
172 listSECOND_LIST_INTEGRITY_CHECK_VALUE /*< Set to a known value if configUSE_LIST_DATA_INTEGRITY_CHECK_BYTES is set to 1. */
176 * Access macro to set the owner of a list item. The owner of a list item
177 * is the object (usually a TCB) that contains the list item.
179 * \page listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER
180 * \ingroup LinkedList
182 #define listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER( pxListItem, pxOwner ) ( ( pxListItem )->pvOwner = ( void * ) ( pxOwner ) )
185 * Access macro to get the owner of a list item. The owner of a list item
186 * is the object (usually a TCB) that contains the list item.
188 * \page listGET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER listSET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER
189 * \ingroup LinkedList
191 #define listGET_LIST_ITEM_OWNER( pxListItem ) ( ( pxListItem )->pvOwner )
194 * Access macro to set the value of the list item. In most cases the value is
195 * used to sort the list in descending order.
197 * \page listSET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE listSET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE
198 * \ingroup LinkedList
200 #define listSET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE( pxListItem, xValue ) ( ( pxListItem )->xItemValue = ( xValue ) )
203 * Access macro to retrieve the value of the list item. The value can
204 * represent anything - for example the priority of a task, or the time at
205 * which a task should be unblocked.
207 * \page listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE
208 * \ingroup LinkedList
210 #define listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE( pxListItem ) ( ( pxListItem )->xItemValue )
213 * Access macro to retrieve the value of the list item at the head of a given
216 * \page listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE listGET_LIST_ITEM_VALUE
217 * \ingroup LinkedList
219 #define listGET_ITEM_VALUE_OF_HEAD_ENTRY( pxList ) ( ( ( pxList )->xListEnd ).pxNext->xItemValue )
222 * Return the list item at the head of the list.
224 * \page listGET_HEAD_ENTRY listGET_HEAD_ENTRY
225 * \ingroup LinkedList
227 #define listGET_HEAD_ENTRY( pxList ) ( ( ( pxList )->xListEnd ).pxNext )
230 * Return the next list item.
232 * \page listGET_NEXT listGET_NEXT
233 * \ingroup LinkedList
235 #define listGET_NEXT( pxListItem ) ( ( pxListItem )->pxNext )
238 * Return the list item that marks the end of the list
240 * \page listGET_END_MARKER listGET_END_MARKER
241 * \ingroup LinkedList
243 #define listGET_END_MARKER( pxList ) ( ( ListItem_t const * ) ( &( ( pxList )->xListEnd ) ) )
246 * Access macro to determine if a list contains any items. The macro will
247 * only have the value true if the list is empty.
249 * \page listLIST_IS_EMPTY listLIST_IS_EMPTY
250 * \ingroup LinkedList
252 #define listLIST_IS_EMPTY( pxList ) ( ( ( pxList )->uxNumberOfItems == ( UBaseType_t ) 0 ) ? pdTRUE : pdFALSE )
255 * Access macro to return the number of items in the list.
257 #define listCURRENT_LIST_LENGTH( pxList ) ( ( pxList )->uxNumberOfItems )
260 * Access function to obtain the owner of the next entry in a list.
262 * The list member pxIndex is used to walk through a list. Calling
263 * listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY increments pxIndex to the next item in the list
264 * and returns that entry's pxOwner parameter. Using multiple calls to this
265 * function it is therefore possible to move through every item contained in
268 * The pxOwner parameter of a list item is a pointer to the object that owns
269 * the list item. In the scheduler this is normally a task control block.
270 * The pxOwner parameter effectively creates a two way link between the list
271 * item and its owner.
273 * @param pxTCB pxTCB is set to the address of the owner of the next list item.
274 * @param pxList The list from which the next item owner is to be returned.
276 * \page listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY
277 * \ingroup LinkedList
279 #define listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY( pxTCB, pxList ) \
281 List_t * const pxConstList = ( pxList ); \
282 /* Increment the index to the next item and return the item, ensuring */ \
283 /* we don't return the marker used at the end of the list. */ \
284 ( pxConstList )->pxIndex = ( pxConstList )->pxIndex->pxNext; \
285 if( ( void * ) ( pxConstList )->pxIndex == ( void * ) &( ( pxConstList )->xListEnd ) ) \
287 ( pxConstList )->pxIndex = ( pxConstList )->pxIndex->pxNext; \
289 ( pxTCB ) = ( pxConstList )->pxIndex->pvOwner; \
294 * Access function to obtain the owner of the first entry in a list. Lists
295 * are normally sorted in ascending item value order.
297 * This function returns the pxOwner member of the first item in the list.
298 * The pxOwner parameter of a list item is a pointer to the object that owns
299 * the list item. In the scheduler this is normally a task control block.
300 * The pxOwner parameter effectively creates a two way link between the list
301 * item and its owner.
303 * @param pxList The list from which the owner of the head item is to be
306 * \page listGET_OWNER_OF_HEAD_ENTRY listGET_OWNER_OF_HEAD_ENTRY
307 * \ingroup LinkedList
309 #define listGET_OWNER_OF_HEAD_ENTRY( pxList ) ( ( &( ( pxList )->xListEnd ) )->pxNext->pvOwner )
312 * Check to see if a list item is within a list. The list item maintains a
313 * "container" pointer that points to the list it is in. All this macro does
314 * is check to see if the container and the list match.
316 * @param pxList The list we want to know if the list item is within.
317 * @param pxListItem The list item we want to know if is in the list.
318 * @return pdTRUE if the list item is in the list, otherwise pdFALSE.
320 #define listIS_CONTAINED_WITHIN( pxList, pxListItem ) ( ( ( pxListItem )->pxContainer == ( pxList ) ) ? ( pdTRUE ) : ( pdFALSE ) )
323 * Return the list a list item is contained within (referenced from).
325 * @param pxListItem The list item being queried.
326 * @return A pointer to the List_t object that references the pxListItem
328 #define listLIST_ITEM_CONTAINER( pxListItem ) ( ( pxListItem )->pxContainer )
331 * This provides a crude means of knowing if a list has been initialised, as
332 * pxList->xListEnd.xItemValue is set to portMAX_DELAY by the vListInitialise()
335 #define listLIST_IS_INITIALISED( pxList ) ( ( pxList )->xListEnd.xItemValue == portMAX_DELAY )
338 * Must be called before a list is used! This initialises all the members
339 * of the list structure and inserts the xListEnd item into the list as a
340 * marker to the back of the list.
342 * @param pxList Pointer to the list being initialised.
344 * \page vListInitialise vListInitialise
345 * \ingroup LinkedList
347 void vListInitialise( List_t * const pxList ) PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION;
350 * Must be called before a list item is used. This sets the list container to
351 * null so the item does not think that it is already contained in a list.
353 * @param pxItem Pointer to the list item being initialised.
355 * \page vListInitialiseItem vListInitialiseItem
356 * \ingroup LinkedList
358 void vListInitialiseItem( ListItem_t * const pxItem ) PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION;
361 * Insert a list item into a list. The item will be inserted into the list in
362 * a position determined by its item value (descending item value order).
364 * @param pxList The list into which the item is to be inserted.
366 * @param pxNewListItem The item that is to be placed in the list.
368 * \page vListInsert vListInsert
369 * \ingroup LinkedList
371 void vListInsert( List_t * const pxList,
372 ListItem_t * const pxNewListItem ) PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION;
375 * Insert a list item into a list. The item will be inserted in a position
376 * such that it will be the last item within the list returned by multiple
377 * calls to listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY.
379 * The list member pxIndex is used to walk through a list. Calling
380 * listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY increments pxIndex to the next item in the list.
381 * Placing an item in a list using vListInsertEnd effectively places the item
382 * in the list position pointed to by pxIndex. This means that every other
383 * item within the list will be returned by listGET_OWNER_OF_NEXT_ENTRY before
384 * the pxIndex parameter again points to the item being inserted.
386 * @param pxList The list into which the item is to be inserted.
388 * @param pxNewListItem The list item to be inserted into the list.
390 * \page vListInsertEnd vListInsertEnd
391 * \ingroup LinkedList
393 void vListInsertEnd( List_t * const pxList,
394 ListItem_t * const pxNewListItem ) PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION;
397 * Remove an item from a list. The list item has a pointer to the list that
398 * it is in, so only the list item need be passed into the function.
400 * @param uxListRemove The item to be removed. The item will remove itself from
401 * the list pointed to by it's pxContainer parameter.
403 * @return The number of items that remain in the list after the list item has
406 * \page uxListRemove uxListRemove
407 * \ingroup LinkedList
409 UBaseType_t uxListRemove( ListItem_t * const pxItemToRemove ) PRIVILEGED_FUNCTION;
417 #endif /* ifndef LIST_H */