2 * FreeRTOS Kernel V10.4.3
3 * Copyright (C) 2020 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
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23 * https://github.com/FreeRTOS
30 #ifndef INC_FREERTOS_H
31 #error "include FreeRTOS.h must appear in source files before include croutine.h"
42 /* Used to hide the implementation of the co-routine control block. The
43 * control block structure however has to be included in the header due to
44 * the macro implementation of the co-routine functionality. */
45 typedef void * CoRoutineHandle_t;
47 /* Defines the prototype to which co-routine functions must conform. */
48 typedef void (* crCOROUTINE_CODE)( CoRoutineHandle_t,
51 typedef struct corCoRoutineControlBlock
53 crCOROUTINE_CODE pxCoRoutineFunction;
54 ListItem_t xGenericListItem; /*< List item used to place the CRCB in ready and blocked queues. */
55 ListItem_t xEventListItem; /*< List item used to place the CRCB in event lists. */
56 UBaseType_t uxPriority; /*< The priority of the co-routine in relation to other co-routines. */
57 UBaseType_t uxIndex; /*< Used to distinguish between co-routines when multiple co-routines use the same co-routine function. */
58 uint16_t uxState; /*< Used internally by the co-routine implementation. */
59 } CRCB_t; /* Co-routine control block. Note must be identical in size down to uxPriority with TCB_t. */
64 * BaseType_t xCoRoutineCreate(
65 * crCOROUTINE_CODE pxCoRoutineCode,
66 * UBaseType_t uxPriority,
71 * Create a new co-routine and add it to the list of co-routines that are
74 * @param pxCoRoutineCode Pointer to the co-routine function. Co-routine
75 * functions require special syntax - see the co-routine section of the WEB
76 * documentation for more information.
78 * @param uxPriority The priority with respect to other co-routines at which
79 * the co-routine will run.
81 * @param uxIndex Used to distinguish between different co-routines that
82 * execute the same function. See the example below and the co-routine section
83 * of the WEB documentation for further information.
85 * @return pdPASS if the co-routine was successfully created and added to a ready
86 * list, otherwise an error code defined with ProjDefs.h.
90 * // Co-routine to be created.
91 * void vFlashCoRoutine( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, UBaseType_t uxIndex )
93 * // Variables in co-routines must be declared static if they must maintain value across a blocking call.
94 * // This may not be necessary for const variables.
95 * static const char cLedToFlash[ 2 ] = { 5, 6 };
96 * static const TickType_t uxFlashRates[ 2 ] = { 200, 400 };
98 * // Must start every co-routine with a call to crSTART();
103 * // This co-routine just delays for a fixed period, then toggles
104 * // an LED. Two co-routines are created using this function, so
105 * // the uxIndex parameter is used to tell the co-routine which
106 * // LED to flash and how int32_t to delay. This assumes xQueue has
107 * // already been created.
108 * vParTestToggleLED( cLedToFlash[ uxIndex ] );
109 * crDELAY( xHandle, uxFlashRates[ uxIndex ] );
112 * // Must end every co-routine with a call to crEND();
116 * // Function that creates two co-routines.
117 * void vOtherFunction( void )
119 * uint8_t ucParameterToPass;
120 * TaskHandle_t xHandle;
122 * // Create two co-routines at priority 0. The first is given index 0
123 * // so (from the code above) toggles LED 5 every 200 ticks. The second
124 * // is given index 1 so toggles LED 6 every 400 ticks.
125 * for( uxIndex = 0; uxIndex < 2; uxIndex++ )
127 * xCoRoutineCreate( vFlashCoRoutine, 0, uxIndex );
131 * \defgroup xCoRoutineCreate xCoRoutineCreate
134 BaseType_t xCoRoutineCreate( crCOROUTINE_CODE pxCoRoutineCode,
135 UBaseType_t uxPriority,
136 UBaseType_t uxIndex );
142 * void vCoRoutineSchedule( void );
147 * vCoRoutineSchedule() executes the highest priority co-routine that is able
148 * to run. The co-routine will execute until it either blocks, yields or is
149 * preempted by a task. Co-routines execute cooperatively so one
150 * co-routine cannot be preempted by another, but can be preempted by a task.
152 * If an application comprises of both tasks and co-routines then
153 * vCoRoutineSchedule should be called from the idle task (in an idle task
158 * // This idle task hook will schedule a co-routine each time it is called.
159 * // The rest of the idle task will execute between co-routine calls.
160 * void vApplicationIdleHook( void )
162 * vCoRoutineSchedule();
165 * // Alternatively, if you do not require any other part of the idle task to
166 * // execute, the idle task hook can call vCoRoutineSchedule() within an
168 * void vApplicationIdleHook( void )
172 * vCoRoutineSchedule();
176 * \defgroup vCoRoutineSchedule vCoRoutineSchedule
179 void vCoRoutineSchedule( void );
184 * crSTART( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle );
187 * This macro MUST always be called at the start of a co-routine function.
191 * // Co-routine to be created.
192 * void vACoRoutine( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, UBaseType_t uxIndex )
194 * // Variables in co-routines must be declared static if they must maintain value across a blocking call.
195 * static int32_t ulAVariable;
197 * // Must start every co-routine with a call to crSTART();
198 * crSTART( xHandle );
202 * // Co-routine functionality goes here.
205 * // Must end every co-routine with a call to crEND();
209 * \defgroup crSTART crSTART
212 #define crSTART( pxCRCB ) \
213 switch( ( ( CRCB_t * ) ( pxCRCB ) )->uxState ) { \
222 * This macro MUST always be called at the end of a co-routine function.
226 * // Co-routine to be created.
227 * void vACoRoutine( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, UBaseType_t uxIndex )
229 * // Variables in co-routines must be declared static if they must maintain value across a blocking call.
230 * static int32_t ulAVariable;
232 * // Must start every co-routine with a call to crSTART();
233 * crSTART( xHandle );
237 * // Co-routine functionality goes here.
240 * // Must end every co-routine with a call to crEND();
244 * \defgroup crSTART crSTART
250 * These macros are intended for internal use by the co-routine implementation
251 * only. The macros should not be used directly by application writers.
253 #define crSET_STATE0( xHandle ) \
254 ( ( CRCB_t * ) ( xHandle ) )->uxState = ( __LINE__ * 2 ); return; \
255 case ( __LINE__ * 2 ):
256 #define crSET_STATE1( xHandle ) \
257 ( ( CRCB_t * ) ( xHandle ) )->uxState = ( ( __LINE__ * 2 ) + 1 ); return; \
258 case ( ( __LINE__ * 2 ) + 1 ):
263 * crDELAY( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, TickType_t xTicksToDelay );
266 * Delay a co-routine for a fixed period of time.
268 * crDELAY can only be called from the co-routine function itself - not
269 * from within a function called by the co-routine function. This is because
270 * co-routines do not maintain their own stack.
272 * @param xHandle The handle of the co-routine to delay. This is the xHandle
273 * parameter of the co-routine function.
275 * @param xTickToDelay The number of ticks that the co-routine should delay
276 * for. The actual amount of time this equates to is defined by
277 * configTICK_RATE_HZ (set in FreeRTOSConfig.h). The constant portTICK_PERIOD_MS
278 * can be used to convert ticks to milliseconds.
282 * // Co-routine to be created.
283 * void vACoRoutine( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, UBaseType_t uxIndex )
285 * // Variables in co-routines must be declared static if they must maintain value across a blocking call.
286 * // This may not be necessary for const variables.
287 * // We are to delay for 200ms.
288 * static const xTickType xDelayTime = 200 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS;
290 * // Must start every co-routine with a call to crSTART();
291 * crSTART( xHandle );
295 * // Delay for 200ms.
296 * crDELAY( xHandle, xDelayTime );
298 * // Do something here.
301 * // Must end every co-routine with a call to crEND();
305 * \defgroup crDELAY crDELAY
308 #define crDELAY( xHandle, xTicksToDelay ) \
309 if( ( xTicksToDelay ) > 0 ) \
311 vCoRoutineAddToDelayedList( ( xTicksToDelay ), NULL ); \
313 crSET_STATE0( ( xHandle ) );
318 * CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle,
319 * QueueHandle_t pxQueue,
320 * void *pvItemToQueue,
321 * TickType_t xTicksToWait,
322 * BaseType_t *pxResult
326 * The macro's crQUEUE_SEND() and crQUEUE_RECEIVE() are the co-routine
327 * equivalent to the xQueueSend() and xQueueReceive() functions used by tasks.
329 * crQUEUE_SEND and crQUEUE_RECEIVE can only be used from a co-routine whereas
330 * xQueueSend() and xQueueReceive() can only be used from tasks.
332 * crQUEUE_SEND can only be called from the co-routine function itself - not
333 * from within a function called by the co-routine function. This is because
334 * co-routines do not maintain their own stack.
336 * See the co-routine section of the WEB documentation for information on
337 * passing data between tasks and co-routines and between ISR's and
340 * @param xHandle The handle of the calling co-routine. This is the xHandle
341 * parameter of the co-routine function.
343 * @param pxQueue The handle of the queue on which the data will be posted.
344 * The handle is obtained as the return value when the queue is created using
345 * the xQueueCreate() API function.
347 * @param pvItemToQueue A pointer to the data being posted onto the queue.
348 * The number of bytes of each queued item is specified when the queue is
349 * created. This number of bytes is copied from pvItemToQueue into the queue
352 * @param xTickToDelay The number of ticks that the co-routine should block
353 * to wait for space to become available on the queue, should space not be
354 * available immediately. The actual amount of time this equates to is defined
355 * by configTICK_RATE_HZ (set in FreeRTOSConfig.h). The constant
356 * portTICK_PERIOD_MS can be used to convert ticks to milliseconds (see example
359 * @param pxResult The variable pointed to by pxResult will be set to pdPASS if
360 * data was successfully posted onto the queue, otherwise it will be set to an
361 * error defined within ProjDefs.h.
365 * // Co-routine function that blocks for a fixed period then posts a number onto
367 * static void prvCoRoutineFlashTask( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, UBaseType_t uxIndex )
369 * // Variables in co-routines must be declared static if they must maintain value across a blocking call.
370 * static BaseType_t xNumberToPost = 0;
371 * static BaseType_t xResult;
373 * // Co-routines must begin with a call to crSTART().
374 * crSTART( xHandle );
378 * // This assumes the queue has already been created.
379 * crQUEUE_SEND( xHandle, xCoRoutineQueue, &xNumberToPost, NO_DELAY, &xResult );
381 * if( xResult != pdPASS )
383 * // The message was not posted!
386 * // Increment the number to be posted onto the queue.
389 * // Delay for 100 ticks.
390 * crDELAY( xHandle, 100 );
393 * // Co-routines must end with a call to crEND().
397 * \defgroup crQUEUE_SEND crQUEUE_SEND
400 #define crQUEUE_SEND( xHandle, pxQueue, pvItemToQueue, xTicksToWait, pxResult ) \
402 *( pxResult ) = xQueueCRSend( ( pxQueue ), ( pvItemToQueue ), ( xTicksToWait ) ); \
403 if( *( pxResult ) == errQUEUE_BLOCKED ) \
405 crSET_STATE0( ( xHandle ) ); \
406 *pxResult = xQueueCRSend( ( pxQueue ), ( pvItemToQueue ), 0 ); \
408 if( *pxResult == errQUEUE_YIELD ) \
410 crSET_STATE1( ( xHandle ) ); \
411 *pxResult = pdPASS; \
419 * CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle,
420 * QueueHandle_t pxQueue,
422 * TickType_t xTicksToWait,
423 * BaseType_t *pxResult
427 * The macro's crQUEUE_SEND() and crQUEUE_RECEIVE() are the co-routine
428 * equivalent to the xQueueSend() and xQueueReceive() functions used by tasks.
430 * crQUEUE_SEND and crQUEUE_RECEIVE can only be used from a co-routine whereas
431 * xQueueSend() and xQueueReceive() can only be used from tasks.
433 * crQUEUE_RECEIVE can only be called from the co-routine function itself - not
434 * from within a function called by the co-routine function. This is because
435 * co-routines do not maintain their own stack.
437 * See the co-routine section of the WEB documentation for information on
438 * passing data between tasks and co-routines and between ISR's and
441 * @param xHandle The handle of the calling co-routine. This is the xHandle
442 * parameter of the co-routine function.
444 * @param pxQueue The handle of the queue from which the data will be received.
445 * The handle is obtained as the return value when the queue is created using
446 * the xQueueCreate() API function.
448 * @param pvBuffer The buffer into which the received item is to be copied.
449 * The number of bytes of each queued item is specified when the queue is
450 * created. This number of bytes is copied into pvBuffer.
452 * @param xTickToDelay The number of ticks that the co-routine should block
453 * to wait for data to become available from the queue, should data not be
454 * available immediately. The actual amount of time this equates to is defined
455 * by configTICK_RATE_HZ (set in FreeRTOSConfig.h). The constant
456 * portTICK_PERIOD_MS can be used to convert ticks to milliseconds (see the
457 * crQUEUE_SEND example).
459 * @param pxResult The variable pointed to by pxResult will be set to pdPASS if
460 * data was successfully retrieved from the queue, otherwise it will be set to
461 * an error code as defined within ProjDefs.h.
465 * // A co-routine receives the number of an LED to flash from a queue. It
466 * // blocks on the queue until the number is received.
467 * static void prvCoRoutineFlashWorkTask( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, UBaseType_t uxIndex )
469 * // Variables in co-routines must be declared static if they must maintain value across a blocking call.
470 * static BaseType_t xResult;
471 * static UBaseType_t uxLEDToFlash;
473 * // All co-routines must start with a call to crSTART().
474 * crSTART( xHandle );
478 * // Wait for data to become available on the queue.
479 * crQUEUE_RECEIVE( xHandle, xCoRoutineQueue, &uxLEDToFlash, portMAX_DELAY, &xResult );
481 * if( xResult == pdPASS )
483 * // We received the LED to flash - flash it!
484 * vParTestToggleLED( uxLEDToFlash );
491 * \defgroup crQUEUE_RECEIVE crQUEUE_RECEIVE
494 #define crQUEUE_RECEIVE( xHandle, pxQueue, pvBuffer, xTicksToWait, pxResult ) \
496 *( pxResult ) = xQueueCRReceive( ( pxQueue ), ( pvBuffer ), ( xTicksToWait ) ); \
497 if( *( pxResult ) == errQUEUE_BLOCKED ) \
499 crSET_STATE0( ( xHandle ) ); \
500 *( pxResult ) = xQueueCRReceive( ( pxQueue ), ( pvBuffer ), 0 ); \
502 if( *( pxResult ) == errQUEUE_YIELD ) \
504 crSET_STATE1( ( xHandle ) ); \
505 *( pxResult ) = pdPASS; \
512 * crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR(
513 * QueueHandle_t pxQueue,
514 * void *pvItemToQueue,
515 * BaseType_t xCoRoutinePreviouslyWoken
519 * The macro's crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR() and crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR() are the
520 * co-routine equivalent to the xQueueSendFromISR() and xQueueReceiveFromISR()
521 * functions used by tasks.
523 * crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR() and crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR() can only be used to
524 * pass data between a co-routine and and ISR, whereas xQueueSendFromISR() and
525 * xQueueReceiveFromISR() can only be used to pass data between a task and and
528 * crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR can only be called from an ISR to send data to a queue
529 * that is being used from within a co-routine.
531 * See the co-routine section of the WEB documentation for information on
532 * passing data between tasks and co-routines and between ISR's and
535 * @param xQueue The handle to the queue on which the item is to be posted.
537 * @param pvItemToQueue A pointer to the item that is to be placed on the
538 * queue. The size of the items the queue will hold was defined when the
539 * queue was created, so this many bytes will be copied from pvItemToQueue
540 * into the queue storage area.
542 * @param xCoRoutinePreviouslyWoken This is included so an ISR can post onto
543 * the same queue multiple times from a single interrupt. The first call
544 * should always pass in pdFALSE. Subsequent calls should pass in
545 * the value returned from the previous call.
547 * @return pdTRUE if a co-routine was woken by posting onto the queue. This is
548 * used by the ISR to determine if a context switch may be required following
553 * // A co-routine that blocks on a queue waiting for characters to be received.
554 * static void vReceivingCoRoutine( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, UBaseType_t uxIndex )
557 * BaseType_t xResult;
559 * // All co-routines must start with a call to crSTART().
560 * crSTART( xHandle );
564 * // Wait for data to become available on the queue. This assumes the
565 * // queue xCommsRxQueue has already been created!
566 * crQUEUE_RECEIVE( xHandle, xCommsRxQueue, &uxLEDToFlash, portMAX_DELAY, &xResult );
568 * // Was a character received?
569 * if( xResult == pdPASS )
571 * // Process the character here.
575 * // All co-routines must end with a call to crEND().
579 * // An ISR that uses a queue to send characters received on a serial port to
581 * void vUART_ISR( void )
584 * BaseType_t xCRWokenByPost = pdFALSE;
586 * // We loop around reading characters until there are none left in the UART.
587 * while( UART_RX_REG_NOT_EMPTY() )
589 * // Obtain the character from the UART.
590 * cRxedChar = UART_RX_REG;
592 * // Post the character onto a queue. xCRWokenByPost will be pdFALSE
593 * // the first time around the loop. If the post causes a co-routine
594 * // to be woken (unblocked) then xCRWokenByPost will be set to pdTRUE.
595 * // In this manner we can ensure that if more than one co-routine is
596 * // blocked on the queue only one is woken by this ISR no matter how
597 * // many characters are posted to the queue.
598 * xCRWokenByPost = crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR( xCommsRxQueue, &cRxedChar, xCRWokenByPost );
602 * \defgroup crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR
605 #define crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR( pxQueue, pvItemToQueue, xCoRoutinePreviouslyWoken ) \
606 xQueueCRSendFromISR( ( pxQueue ), ( pvItemToQueue ), ( xCoRoutinePreviouslyWoken ) )
612 * crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR(
613 * QueueHandle_t pxQueue,
615 * BaseType_t * pxCoRoutineWoken
619 * The macro's crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR() and crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR() are the
620 * co-routine equivalent to the xQueueSendFromISR() and xQueueReceiveFromISR()
621 * functions used by tasks.
623 * crQUEUE_SEND_FROM_ISR() and crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR() can only be used to
624 * pass data between a co-routine and and ISR, whereas xQueueSendFromISR() and
625 * xQueueReceiveFromISR() can only be used to pass data between a task and and
628 * crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR can only be called from an ISR to receive data
629 * from a queue that is being used from within a co-routine (a co-routine
630 * posted to the queue).
632 * See the co-routine section of the WEB documentation for information on
633 * passing data between tasks and co-routines and between ISR's and
636 * @param xQueue The handle to the queue on which the item is to be posted.
638 * @param pvBuffer A pointer to a buffer into which the received item will be
639 * placed. The size of the items the queue will hold was defined when the
640 * queue was created, so this many bytes will be copied from the queue into
643 * @param pxCoRoutineWoken A co-routine may be blocked waiting for space to become
644 * available on the queue. If crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR causes such a
645 * co-routine to unblock *pxCoRoutineWoken will get set to pdTRUE, otherwise
646 * *pxCoRoutineWoken will remain unchanged.
648 * @return pdTRUE an item was successfully received from the queue, otherwise
653 * // A co-routine that posts a character to a queue then blocks for a fixed
654 * // period. The character is incremented each time.
655 * static void vSendingCoRoutine( CoRoutineHandle_t xHandle, UBaseType_t uxIndex )
657 * // cChar holds its value while this co-routine is blocked and must therefore
658 * // be declared static.
659 * static char cCharToTx = 'a';
660 * BaseType_t xResult;
662 * // All co-routines must start with a call to crSTART().
663 * crSTART( xHandle );
667 * // Send the next character to the queue.
668 * crQUEUE_SEND( xHandle, xCoRoutineQueue, &cCharToTx, NO_DELAY, &xResult );
670 * if( xResult == pdPASS )
672 * // The character was successfully posted to the queue.
676 * // Could not post the character to the queue.
679 * // Enable the UART Tx interrupt to cause an interrupt in this
680 * // hypothetical UART. The interrupt will obtain the character
681 * // from the queue and send it.
682 * ENABLE_RX_INTERRUPT();
684 * // Increment to the next character then block for a fixed period.
685 * // cCharToTx will maintain its value across the delay as it is
686 * // declared static.
688 * if( cCharToTx > 'x' )
695 * // All co-routines must end with a call to crEND().
699 * // An ISR that uses a queue to receive characters to send on a UART.
700 * void vUART_ISR( void )
703 * BaseType_t xCRWokenByPost = pdFALSE;
705 * while( UART_TX_REG_EMPTY() )
707 * // Are there any characters in the queue waiting to be sent?
708 * // xCRWokenByPost will automatically be set to pdTRUE if a co-routine
709 * // is woken by the post - ensuring that only a single co-routine is
710 * // woken no matter how many times we go around this loop.
711 * if( crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR( pxQueue, &cCharToTx, &xCRWokenByPost ) )
713 * SEND_CHARACTER( cCharToTx );
718 * \defgroup crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR
721 #define crQUEUE_RECEIVE_FROM_ISR( pxQueue, pvBuffer, pxCoRoutineWoken ) \
722 xQueueCRReceiveFromISR( ( pxQueue ), ( pvBuffer ), ( pxCoRoutineWoken ) )
725 * This function is intended for internal use by the co-routine macros only.
726 * The macro nature of the co-routine implementation requires that the
727 * prototype appears here. The function should not be used by application
730 * Removes the current co-routine from its ready list and places it in the
731 * appropriate delayed list.
733 void vCoRoutineAddToDelayedList( TickType_t xTicksToDelay,
734 List_t * pxEventList );
737 * This function is intended for internal use by the queue implementation only.
738 * The function should not be used by application writers.
740 * Removes the highest priority co-routine from the event list and places it in
741 * the pending ready list.
743 BaseType_t xCoRoutineRemoveFromEventList( const List_t * pxEventList );
751 #endif /* CO_ROUTINE_H */